UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D. C. 20549 Form 10-K Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001 Commission File No. 0-11576 HARRIS & HARRIS GROUP, INC. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Exact Name of Registrant Specified in Its Charter) New York 13-3119827 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (State or Other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Incorporation or Organization) Identification No.) One Rockefeller Plaza, Rockefeller Center, New York, New York 10020 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code (212) 332-3600 --------------- Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $ .01 par value - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Title of class) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [ X ] No [ ] Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ X ] The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non- affiliates of Registrant as of March 12, 2002 was $18,800,156 based on the last sale price as quoted by the Nasdaq National Market on such date (only officers and directors are considered affiliates for this calculation). As of March 12, 2002, the registrant had 8,864,231 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART I Item 1. Business.................................................. 1 Item 2. Properties................................................ 14 Item 3. Legal Proceedings......................................... 14 Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders....... 14 PART II Item 5. Market for Company's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters..................................... 15 Item 6. Selected Financial Data .................................. 17 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations..................... 18 Item 7a.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk............................................. 27 Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.. 28 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure..................... 51 PART III Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Company.......... 51 Item 11. Executive Compensation................................... 56 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management......................................... 60 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions........... 61 PART IV Item 14. Exhibits, Consolidated Financial Statement, Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K................................ 62 Signatures........................................................ 64 Exhibit Index..................................................... 66 PART I Item 1. Business Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (the "Registrant" or "Company") is a venture capital investment company, operating as a Business Development Company ("BDC") under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act"). The Company's objective is to achieve long-term capital appreciation, rather than current income, from its investments. The Company has invested a substantial portion of its assets in private development stage or start-up companies and in the development of new technologies in a broad range of industry segments. These private businesses tend to be thinly capitalized, unproven, small companies based on risky technologies that lack management depth and have not attained profitability or have no history of operations. Recently the Company decided to focus its new business activities exclusively on small technology (small tech), including but not limited to nanotechnology, microsystems and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Although small tech is multidisciplinary and theoretically applicable to a wide variety of fields, small tech in general is new and has significant science and engineering risk as well as commercialization risk. The Company may also invest, to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, in publicly traded securities, including high risk securities as well as investment grade securities. The Company may participate in expansion financing and leveraged buyout financing of more mature operating companies as well as other investments. As a venture capital company, the Company invests in and provides managerial assistance to its portfolio companies which, in its opinion, have significant potential for growth. There is no assurance that the Company's investment objective will be achieved. Since July 26, 1995, the Company has operated as a BDC subject to the provisions of Sections 55 through 65 of the 1940 Act. As a BDC, the Company operates as an internally managed investment company whereby its officers and employees, under the general supervision of its Board of Directors, conduct its operations. Venture Capital Investments The Company has invested a substantial portion of its assets in private development stage or start-up companies. The Company may initially own 100 percent of the securities of a start-up portfolio company for a period of time and may control such company for a substantial period. In connection with its venture capital investments, the Company may be involved in recruiting management, formulating operating strategies, product development, marketing and advertising, assisting in financial plans, as well as providing management in the initial start-up stages and establishing corporate goals. The Company may assist in raising additional capital for such companies from other potential investors and may subordinate its own investment to that of other investors. The Company may introduce such companies to potential joint-venture partners, suppliers and customers. In addition, the Company may assist in establishing relationships with investment bankers and other professionals. The Company may also assist in providing advice and other 1 services in connection with mergers and acquisitions. The Company may also find it necessary or appropriate to provide additional capital of its own. The Company may derive income from such companies for the performance of any of the above services. Because of the speculative nature of these investments and the lack of any market for such securities, there is significantly greater risk of loss than is the case with traditional investment securities. The Company expects that some of its venture capital investments will be a complete loss or will be unprofitable and that some will appear likely to become successful, but never realize their potential. The Company has in the past sought, and will continue in the future to seek, investments that offer the potential for significantly higher returns but that involve a significantly greater degree of risk than other investments. The Company may control a portfolio company for which it has provided venture capital, or it may be represented on the company's board of directors by one or more of its officers or directors, who may also serve as officers of such company. Particularly during the early stages of an investment, the Company may in effect be conducting the operations of the portfolio company. As a venture company emerges from the developmental stage with greater management depth and experience, the Company expects that its role in the company's operations will diminish. The Company seeks to assist each portfolio company in establishing its own independent capitalization, management and board of directors. The Company expects to be able to reduce its active involvement in the management of its investment in those start-up companies that become successful by a liquidity event, such as a public offering or the sale of the company. The Company has invested a substantial portion of its assets in securities that do not pay interest or dividends and that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale that may adversely affect the liquidity and marketability of such securities. In addition to the information discussed above, please see Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." Intellectual Property The Company believes there is a role for organizations like itself that can assist in technology transfer. Scientists and institutions that develop and patent intellectual property increasingly seek the rewards of entrepreneurial commercialization of their inventions. The Company believes that given its years of relevant experience it has a value- added role to play in the commercialization of technology. The Company interacts with institutions such as research universities that are sources of intellectual property. The Company invests principally but not exclusively in securities issued by companies involved in: 1) research and development of a technology and/or obtaining licensing rights to intellectual property or patents; 2) outright acquisition of intellectual property or patents; and 3) formation and funding of companies or joint ventures to commercialize intellectual property. Income from the Company's investments in intellectual property or its development could take the form of participation 2 in licensing or royalty income or some other form of remuneration. At some point during the commercialization of a technology, the Company's investment may be transformed into ownership of securities of a development stage or start-up company as discussed above. Investing in intellectual property is highly risky. Illiquidity of Investments Many of the Company's investments consist of securities acquired directly from the portfolio company in private transactions. These investments may be subject to restrictions on resale or otherwise be illiquid. The Company does not anticipate that there will be any established trading market for such securities. Additionally, many of the securities that the Company may invest in will not be eligible for sale to the public without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, which could prevent or delay any sale by the Company of such investments or reduce the amount of proceeds that might otherwise be realized therefrom. Restricted securities generally sell at a price lower than similar securities not subject to restrictions on resale. Further, even if a portfolio company registers its securities and becomes a reporting company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), the securities are typically subject to a lock-up provision for a period of time, and the Company may be considered an insider by virtue of its board representation or otherwise and would be restricted in sales of such company's securities. Although the Company's officers have never served on the board of a publicly held company on which the Company had an investment, the Company may permit such service. Managerial Assistance The Company generally is required by the 1940 Act to make significant managerial assistance available with respect to portfolio companies that the Company treats as qualifying assets for purposes of the 70 percent test (see "Regulation"). "Making available significant managerial assistance" as defined in the 1940 Act with respect to a BDC such as the Company means (a) any arrangement whereby a BDC, through its directors, officers, employees or general partners, offers to provide, and if accepted, does so provide, significant guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations, or business objectives and policies of a portfolio company; or (b) the exercise by a BDC of a controlling influence over the management or policies of a portfolio company by a BDC acting individually or as a part of a group acting together which controls such portfolio company. The Company believes that providing managerial assistance to its portfolio companies is critical to its business development activities. The nature, timing and amount of managerial assistance provided by the Company vary widely depending upon the particular requirements of each portfolio company. The Company may be involved with its portfolio companies in recruiting management, product planning, marketing and advertising and the development of financial controls and plans, operating strategies and corporate goals. The Company also seeks capital for its portfolio companies from other potential investors and may subordinate its own investment to those of 3 other investors. The Company may introduce its portfolio companies to potential suppliers, customers and joint venture partners and may assist its portfolio companies in establishing relationships with commercial and investment bankers and other professionals, including consultants, recruiters, legal counsel and independent accountants. The Company may also assist with joint ventures, acquisitions and mergers. In connection with its managerial assistance, the Company may be represented by one or more of its officers or directors on the board of directors of a portfolio company. As an investment matures and the portfolio company develops management depth and experience, the Company's role ordinarily will become progressively less active. However, when the Company owns or acquires a substantial proportion of a more mature portfolio company's equity, the Company may remain active and influential in major decisions by the portfolio company. The Company typically seeks to assist each portfolio company in establishing its own independent and effective board of directors and management. Need for Follow-On Investments Following an initial investment in portfolio companies, the Company may make additional investments in such portfolio companies as "follow-on" investments, in order to: (1) increase or maintain in whole or in part its ownership percentage; (2) exercise warrants, options or convertible securities that were acquired in the original or subsequent financing; (3) preserve the Company's proportionate ownership in a subsequent financing; or (4) attempt to preserve or enhance the value of the Company's investment. Recently, "pay to play" provisions have become common in venture capital transactions; such provisions require proportionate investment in subsequent rounds of financing in order to preserve certain preferred rights such as anti-dilution protection. There can be no assurance that the Company will make follow-on investments or have sufficient funds to make such investments; the Company has the discretion to make any follow- on investments as it determines, subject to the availability of capital resources. The failure to make such follow-on investments may, in certain circumstances, jeopardize the continued viability of a portfolio company and the Company's initial investment, or may result in a missed opportunity for the Company to increase its participation in a successful operation, or may cause the Company to lose certain preferred rights pursuant to "pay to play" provisions. Even if the Company has sufficient capital to make a desired follow-on investment, it may elect not to make a follow-on investment because it does not want to increase its concentration of risk, because it prefers other opportunities or because it is inhibited by compliance with BDC or regulated investment company ("RIC") requirements, even though the follow-on investment opportunity appears attractive or would preserve rights pursuant to "pay to play" provisions. For a discussion of RIC status and related regulatory requirements, see "Regulation -- Sub- Chapter M Status." 4 Competition Numerous companies and individuals are engaged in the venture capital business and such business is intensely competitive. Many of the competitors have significantly greater financial and other resources and managerial capabilities than the Company and are therefore in a better position than the Company to obtain access to attractive venture capital investments. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete against these competitors for attractive investments. Regulation The Small Business Investment Incentive Act of 1980 added the provisions of the 1940 Act applicable to BDCs, which are a special type of closed-end investment company. After filing its election to be treated as a BDC, a company may not withdraw its election without first obtaining the approval of holders of a majority of its outstanding voting securities. The following is a brief description of the 1940 Act provisions applicable to BDCs, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 1940 Act and the rules issued thereunder by the SEC. Generally, to be eligible to elect BDC status, a company must primarily engage in the business of furnishing capital and managerial expertise to companies which do not have ready access to capital through conventional financial channels. Such portfolio companies are termed "eligible portfolio companies." In general, in order to qualify as a BDC, a company must (i) be a domestic company; (ii) have registered a class of its securities pursuant to Section 12 of the 1934 Act; (iii) operate for the purpose of investing in the securities of certain types of portfolio companies, namely, early stage or emerging companies and businesses suffering or just recovering from financial distress (see following paragraph); (iv) make available significant managerial assistance to such portfolio companies; (v) have a majority of "disinterested" directors (as defined in the 1940 Act); and (vi) file a proper notice of election with the SEC. An eligible portfolio company generally is a domestic company that is not an investment company and that (i) does not have a class of equity securities on which "margin" credit can be extended or (ii) is controlled by a BDC (control under the 1940 Act is presumed to exist where a BDC owns at least 25 percent of the outstanding voting securities of the portfolio company). The 1940 Act prohibits or restricts companies subject to the 1940 Act from investing in certain types of companies, such as brokerage firms, insurance companies, investment banking firms and investment companies. Moreover, the 1940 Act requires that at least 70 percent of the value of the Company's assets consist of qualifying assets. Qualifying assets include: (i) securities of companies that were eligible portfolio companies at the time the Company acquired their securities; (ii) securities of bankrupt or insolvent companies that were eligible at the time of the Company's initial investment in those companies; (iii) securities received in exchange for or distributed in or with respect to any of the foregoing; and (iv) cash items, government securities and high quality short-term 5 debt. The 1940 Act also places restrictions on the nature of the transactions in which, and the persons from whom, securities can be purchased in order for the securities to be considered qualifying assets. The Company is permitted by the 1940 Act, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of senior debt and a single class of preferred stock if its asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least 200 percent after the issuance of the debt or the preferred stock (i.e., such senior securities may not be in excess of its net assets). Under specific conditions, the Company is also permitted by the 1940 Act to issue warrants. Except under certain conditions, the Company may sell its securities at a price that is below the prevailing net asset value per share only after a majority of its disinterested directors has determined that such sale would be in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders and upon the approval by the holders of a majority of its outstanding voting securities, including a majority of the voting securities held by non-affiliated persons. If the offering of the securities is underwritten, a majority of the disinterested directors must determine in good faith that the price of the securities being sold is not less than a price which closely approximates market value of the securities, less any distribution discount or commission. As defined by the 1940 Act, the term "majority of the Company's outstanding voting securities" means the vote of (i) 67 percent or more of the Company's common stock present at the meeting, if the holders of more than 50 percent of the outstanding Common Stock are present or represented by proxy or (ii) more than 50 percent of the Company's outstanding common stock, whichever is less. Certain transactions involving certain closely related persons of the Company, including its directors, officers and employees, may require the prior approval of the SEC. However, the 1940 Act ordinarily does not restrict transactions between the Company and its portfolio companies. Sub-Chapter M Status On September 25, 1997, the Company's Board of Directors approved a proposal to seek qualification of the Company as a Regulated Investment Company ("RIC") under Sub-Chapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"). At that time, the Company was taxable under Sub-Chapter C of the Code (a "C Corporation"). In order to qualify as a RIC, the Company must, in general, (1) annually derive at least 90 percent of its gross income from dividends, interest and gains from the sale of securities and similar sources; (2) quarterly meet certain investment diversification requirements; and (3) annually distribute at least 90 percent of its investment company taxable income as a dividend. In addition to the requirement that the Company must annually distribute at least 90 percent of its investment company taxable income, the Company may either distribute or retain its realized net capital gains from investments, but any net capital gains not distributed may be subject to corporate level tax. Further, the Company could be subject to a four percent excise tax if it fails to distribute 98 percent of its annual taxable income and would be subject to income tax if it fails to distribute 100 percent of its taxable income. 6 Because of the specialized nature of its investment portfolio, the Company could satisfy the diversification requirements under Sub-Chapter M of the Code only if it received a certification from the SEC under section 851(e) of the Code that it is "principally engaged in the furnishing of capital to other corporations which are principally engaged in the development or exploitation of inventions, technological improvements, new processes, or products not previously generally available." On April 8, 1998, the Company announced that it had received a certification from the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for 1997 relating to the Company's status under section 851(e) of the Code. That certification was necessary for the Company to qualify as a RIC for 1998 and subsequent taxable years. Pursuant to the Company's receipt of the section 851(e) certification and its intention to qualify as a RIC , in 1998 the Company's Board of Directors declared and paid a one-time cash dividend of $0.75 per share, for a total of $8,019,728, to meet one of the Company's requirements for qualification for Sub-Chapter M tax treatment. As noted above, the qualification of the Company as a RIC under Sub-Chapter M of the Code depends on it satisfying certain technical requirements regarding its income, investment portfolio and distributions. The Company was unable to satisfy these requirements for the 1998 tax year owing to the nature of the Company's ownership interest in one of its portfolio companies, and therefore it did not elect Sub-Chapter M status for 1998. In addition, because the Company realized taxable losses in 1998, it was not strategically advantageous for the Company to elect Sub-Chapter M tax status for 1998. The Company changed the nature of its ownership interest in the non-qualifying portfolio company effective January 1, 1999 in order to meet the Sub-Chapter M requirements. Since 1999, the Company has received SEC certification and qualification for RIC treatment. Although the SEC certification for 1999, 2000 and 2001 was issued, there can be no assurance that the Company will receive such certification for subsequent years (to the extent it needs additional certification as a result of changes in its portfolio) or that it will actually qualify for Sub-Chapter M treatment in subsequent years. In addition, under certain circumstances, even if the Company qualified for Sub-Chapter M treatment in a given year, the Company might take action in a subsequent year to ensure that it would be taxed in that subsequent year as a C Corporation, rather than as a RIC. A C Corporation that elects to qualify as a RIC and that makes an appropriate election continues to be taxable as a C Corporation on any gains realized within 10 years of its qualification as a RIC from sales of assets that were held by the corporation on the effective date of the election ("C Corporation Assets") to the extent of any gain built into the assets on such date ("Built-In Gain"). The Company had Built-In Gains at the time of its qualification as a RIC. Prior to 1999, the Company incurred ordinary and capital losses from its operations. After the Company's election of RIC status, those losses remained available to be carried forward to subsequent taxable years. Recently issued Internal Revenue Service regulations (issued in temporary and proposed form) confirm that such losses may be used to offset realized Built-In Gains and, to the extent so used, to 7 eliminate C Corporation taxation of such gains. Notwithstanding any such offset, however, the new regulations also provide that all realized Built-In Gains (calculated without regard to the offset, but net of any C Corporation tax imposed on the Built-In Gains after application of the offset) must be included in calculating a RIC's investment company taxable income or net capital gains, as the case may be, and therefore appear to require that such Built-In Gains must be distributed to avoid Sub-Chapter M taxation of such investment company taxable income or net capital gains (and, in the case of any Built-In Gains that are includible in investment company taxable income, possible loss of RIC status). The Company has previously used loss carryforwards to offset Built-In Gains. As of January 1, 2002, the Company had $501,640 of loss carryforwards remaining and $4,663,457 of unrealized Built-In Gains. If necessary for liquidity purposes or to fund investment opportunities, in lieu of distributing its realized net capital gains, the Company as a RIC may retain such net capital gains and elect to be deemed to have made a distribution of the gains, or part thereof, to the shareholders under the "designated undistributed capital gain" rules of section 852(b)(3) of the Code. In that case, the "deemed dividend" is taxable to the shareholders, although the Company would pay tax, at the corporate rate, on the distribution, and the shareholders would receive a tax credit equal to their proportionate share of the tax paid. To the extent that the Company declares a deemed dividend, each shareholder will receive an IRS Form 2439 which will reflect receipt of the deemed dividend income and a tax credit equal to the shareholder's proportionate share of the tax paid by the Company. This tax credit, which is paid at the corporate rate, is often credited at a higher rate than the actual tax due by a shareholder on the deemed dividend income. The "residual" credit can be used by the shareholder to offset other taxes due in that year or to generate a tax refund to the shareholder. (See "Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" and Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Recent Developments - Sub-Chapter M Status.") Tax Consequences of Net Capital Gains The following simplified examples illustrate the tax treatment under Sub-Chapter M of the Code for the Company and its individual shareholders with regard to three possible alternatives, assuming a net long-term capital gain of $1.00 per share, consisting entirely of sales of non-real property assets held for more than 12 months. Under Alternative A: 100 percent of net capital gain declared as a cash dividend and distributed to shareholders: 8 1. No federal taxation at the Company level. 2. Taxable shareholders receive a $1.00 per share dividend and pay a maximum federal tax of 20 percent* or $.20 per share, retaining $.80 per share. Under Alternative B: 100 percent of net capital gain retained by the Company and designated as "undistributed capital gain" or deemed dividend: 1. The Company pays a corporate-level federal income tax of 35 percent on the undistributed gain or $.35 per share and retains 65 percent of the gain or $.65 per share. 2. Taxable shareholders increase their cost basis in their stock by $.65 per share. They pay a 20 percent* federal capital gains tax on 100 percent of the undistributed gain of $1.00 per share or $.20 per share in tax. Offsetting this tax, shareholders receive a tax credit equal to 35 percent of the undistributed gain or $.35 per share. Under Alternative C: 100 percent of net capital gain retained by the Company, with no designated undistributed capital gain or deemed dividend: 1. The Company pays a corporate-level federal income tax of 35 percent on the retained gain or $.35 per share plus an excise tax of four percent of $.98 per share, or about $.04 per share. 2. There is no tax consequence at the shareholder level. *Assumes all capital gains qualify for long-term rates of 20 percent. Subsidiaries Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. ("Enterprises") is a 100 percent wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and is consolidated in the Company's financial statements. Enterprises holds the lease for the Company's office space, which it subleases to the Company and an unaffiliated party; operates a financial relations and consulting firm; is a partner in Harris Partners I, L.P. and is taxed as a C Corporation. Harris Partners I, L.P. is a limited partnership and owns a 20 percent limited partnership interest in PHZ Capital Partners L.P., which organizes and manages investment partnerships. The partners of Harris Partners I, L.P. are Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. (sole general partner) and Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (sole limited partner). Employees The Company currently employs directly four full-time employees, and Enterprises employs two additional full-time employees. 9 Risk Factors Investing in the Company's stock is highly speculative and the investor could lose some or all of the amount invested. The value of the Company's common stock and of its public and private holdings may decline and may be affected by numerous market conditions, which could result in the loss of some or all of the amount invested in the Company's shares. The securities markets frequently experience extreme price and volume fluctuation which affect market prices for securities of companies generally and technology companies in particular, especially when their capitalizations are small like the Company's. Because of the Company's focus on the technology sector, its stock price is likely to be impacted by these market conditions. General economic conditions, and general conditions in small tech and nanotechnology and information technology and life sciences and other high technology industries, will also affect the Company's stock price. Investing in the Company's common stock may be inappropriate for the investor's risk tolerance. The Company's investments, in accordance with its investment objective and principal strategies, may result in an above average amount of risk and volatility or loss of principal. The Company's investments in portfolio companies are highly speculative and aggressive and, therefore, an investment in its shares is not suitable for all investors. The market for venture capital investments is highly competitive. In some cases, the company's status as a regulated business development company may hinder its ability to participate in investment opportunities. The Company faces substantial competition in its investing activities from private venture capital funds, investment affiliates of large industrial, technology, service and financial companies, small business investment companies, wealthy individuals and foreign investors. As a regulated business development company, the Company is required to disclose quarterly the name and business description of portfolio companies and value of any portfolio securities. Most of the Company's competitors are not subject to this disclosure requirement. The Company's obligation to disclose this information could hinder its ability to invest in certain portfolio companies. Additionally, other regulations, current and future, may make the Company less attractive as a potential investor to a given portfolio company than a private venture capital fund not subject to the same regulations. Also, compliance with certain regulations applicable to the Company's business may prevent the Company from making follow-on investments that would be in the Company's and its investors' best interest. 10 The Company operates in a regulated environment. The Company is subject to substantive SEC regulations as a BDC. Securities and tax laws and regulations governing the Company's activities may change in ways adverse to the Company's and its shareholders' interests and interpretations of such laws and regulations may change with unpredictable consequences. Any change in the law or regulations that govern the Company's business could have an adverse impact on the Company or its operations. Also, as business and financial practices continue to evolve, they render the regulations under which the Company operates less appropriate and more burdensome than they were when they were originally imposed. The Company is dependent upon key management personnel for future success. The Company is dependent for the selection, structuring, closing and monitoring of its investments on the diligence and skill of its senior management and other management members. The Company also is dependent on consultants and lawyers for assistance in conducting due diligence when evaluating potential investments. The future success of the Company depends to a significant extent on the continued service and coordination of its senior management team, particularly Charles E. Harris, the Company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. The departure of any of the executive officers or key employees could materially adversely affect the Company's ability to implement its business strategy. The Company does not maintain key man life insurance on any of its officers or employees. Investing in small, private companies involves a high degree of risk and is highly speculative. There are significant risks inherent in the Company's venture capital business. The Company has invested a substantial portion of its assets in private development stage or start-up companies. These private businesses tend to be thinly capitalized, unproven, small companies with risky technologies that lack management depth and have not attained profitability or have no history of operations. Even if these private businesses are progressing satisfactorily, they typically have negative cash flow in their earlier stages of development and may not have access to additional capital. Because of the speculative nature and the lack of a public market for these investments, there is significantly greater risk of loss than is the case with traditional investment securities. The Company expects that some of its venture capital investments will be a complete loss or will be unprofitable and that some will appear to be likely to become successful but never realize their potential. The Company has been risk seeking rather than risk averse in its approach to venture capital and other investments. Neither the Company's investments nor an investment in the Company is intended to constitute a balanced investment program. The Company has in the past relied, and continues to rely to a large extent, upon proceeds from sales of investments rather than investment income to defray a significant portion of its operating expenses. 11 The Company invests in securities that are illiquid and may not be able to dispose of such securities when it is advantageous to do so. Most of the investments of the Company are or will be equity securities acquired directly from small companies. The Company's portfolio of equity securities are and will usually be subject to restrictions on resale or otherwise have no established trading market. The illiquidity of most of the Company's portfolio of equity securities may adversely affect the ability of the Company to dispose of such securities at times when it may be advantageous for the Company to liquidate such investments. The inability of the Company's portfolio companies to market successfully their products would have a negative impact on its investment returns. Even if the Company's portfolio companies are able to develop commercially viable products, the market for new products and services is highly competitive and rapidly changing. Commercial success is difficult to predict and the marketing efforts of the Company's portfolio companies may not be successful. Because there is generally no established market in which to value the Company's investments, the Company's Investment and Valuation Committee's determination of their values may differ materially from the values that a ready market or third party would attribute to these investments. There is typically no public market for equity securities of the small private companies in which the Company invests. As a result, the valuation of the equity securities in the Company's portfolio is subject to the good faith estimate of the Company's Board of Directors. (See "Asset Valuation Policy Guidelines" in "Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.") In the absence of a readily ascertainable market value, the estimated value of the Company's portfolio of equity securities may differ significantly from the values that would be placed on the portfolio if a ready market for the equity securities existed. The Company adjusts quarterly the valuation of its portfolio to reflect the Investment and Valuation Committee's estimate of the current fair value of each investment in its portfolio. Any changes in estimated fair value are recorded in the Company's consolidated statements of operations as a change in the "Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments." (See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.") Quarterly results may fluctuate and may not be indicative of future quarterly performance. The Company's quarterly operating results fluctuate as a result of a number of factors. These include, among others, variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which the Company and its portfolio companies encounter competition in their markets 12 and general economic conditions. As a result of these factors, results for any one quarter should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future quarters. (See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.") Loss of pass-through tax treatment would substantially reduce net assets and income available for dividends. If the Company meets certain income, diversification and distribution requirements under the Code, it may qualify as a RIC under the Code for pass-through tax treatment. The Company would cease to qualify for pass-through tax treatment if it were unable to comply with these requirements, or if it ceased to qualify as a BDC under the 1940 Act. The Company also could be subject to a four percent excise tax (and, in certain cases, corporate level income tax) if it failed to make certain distributions. (See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - -- Recent Developments -- Sub-Chapter M Status.") The lack of RIC tax treatment could have a material adverse effect on the total return, if any, obtainable from an investment in the Company. If the Company fails to qualify as a RIC, the Company would become subject to federal income tax as if it were an ordinary C Corporation, which would result in a substantial reduction in the Company's net assets and the amount of income available for distribution to the Company's stockholders. During some periods, there are few opportunities to take early stage companies public or sell them to established companies. During some periods, there may be few opportunities to gain liquidity or realize a gain on an otherwise successful investment, as the market for initial public offerings may be moribund, particularly for early stage, high technology companies. During such periods as other periods, it may also be difficult to sell such companies to established companies. The lack of exit strategies during such periods also tends to have an adverse effect on the ability of private equity companies to raise capital privately. Because the Company must distribute income, the Company will continue to need additional capital to grow. The Company will continue to need capital to fund investments and to pay for operating expenses. The Company must distribute at least 90 percent of its net operating income other than realized net long-term capital gains to its stockholders to maintain its RIC status. As a result, such earnings will not be available to fund investments. If the Company fails to generate realized net long-term capital gains or to obtain funds from outside sources, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results. The Company does not normally establish reserves for taxes on unrealized capital gains. To the extent that the Company retains capital gains, either as a C corporation or as a RIC, it will have to make provisions for federal taxes and possibly state and local taxes. In addition, as a BDC, the Company is generally required to maintain a ratio of at least 200 percent of total assets to total borrowings, which may restrict its ability to borrow in certain circumstances. Regulations to which the Company, as a 13 BDC, are subject limit its financing alternatives in ways that publicly traded operating companies and private entities are not limited. Item 2. Properties The Company maintains its offices at One Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10020, where it leases approximately 4,700 square feet of office space pursuant to a lease agreement expiring in 2003. A portion of this space is being sublet by an unaffiliated party. (See "Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedules" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.") Item 3. Legal Proceedings The Company is not a party to any legal proceedings. Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders The Company did not submit any matters to a vote of its shareholders during the fourth quarter of the 2001 fiscal year. 14 PART II Item 5. Market for Company's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters Stock Transfer Agent The Bank of New York, 101 Barclay Street, Suite 12W, New York, New York 10286 (Telephone 800-524-4458, Attention: Ms. Annette Hogan) serves as transfer agent for the Company's common stock. Certificates to be transferred should be mailed directly to the transfer agent, preferably by registered mail. Market Prices The Company's common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "HHGP." The following table sets forth the range of the high and low selling price of the Company's shares during each quarter of the last two years, as reported by Nasdaq National Market. The quarterly stock prices quoted represent interdealer quotations and do not include markups, markdowns or commissions. 2001 Quarter Ending Low High March 31 $2.063 $4.25 June 30 $2.01 $3.29 September 30 $1.60 $2.86 December 31 $1.55 $2.33 2000 Quarter Ending Low High March 31 $9.25 $32.50 June 30 $5.25 $17.125 September 30 $5.75 $10.1875 December 31 $2.4375 $6.4375 Dividends On September 20, 2000, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.02 per share, payable on November 15, 2000 to shareholders of record on October 15, 2000. On December 14, 2000, the Company declared a designated undistributed capital gain dividend (also known as a "deemed dividend") of $1.78 per share with a corresponding tax credit of $0.62 per share to shareholders of record on December 29, 2000. On January 22, 2002, the Company announced a designated undistributed capital gain dividend of $0.0875 per share with a corresponding tax credit of $0.030625 per share to shareholders of record on December 31, 2001. 15 Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities On January 27, 2000, the Company issued a one-year 12% note in the principal amount of $3 million and a one-year warrant to purchase 25,263 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $11.8750 per share. The note and warrant were issued to an unaffiliated third-party pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act under Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act. The note was pre-paid, and the warrant expired unexercised. Shareholders As of March 12, 2002, there were approximately 141 holders of record of the Company's common stock which, the Company has been informed, hold the Company's common stock for approximately 6,000 beneficial owners. 16 Item 6. Selected Financial Data The following tables should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
BALANCE SHEET DATA Financial Position as of December 31: 2001 2000 1999(1) 1998(1) 1997 Total assets $39,682,367 $43,343,423 $65,320,768 $25,358,859 $39,273,784 Total liabilities $15,347,597 $11,509,948 $11,685,963 $ 2,802,150 $ 5,618,850 Net assets $24,334,770 $31,833,475 $53,634,805 $22,556,709 $33,654,934 Net asset value per outstanding share $ 2.75 $ 3.51 $ 5.80 $ 2.13 $ 3.15 Cash dividends paid $ 0.00 $ 0.02 $ 0.35 $ 0.75 $ 0.00 Shares outstanding 8,864,231 9,064,231 9,240,831 10,591,232 10,692,971 Operating Data for year ended December 31: 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 Total investment income $ 510,661 $ 687,050 $ 287,684 $ 585,486 $ 561,546 Total expenses(2) $ 1,035,221 $(2,623,200) $ 9,924,020 $ 3,634,786 $ 3,045,290 Net operating income (loss) $ (524,560) $ 3,310,250 $(9,636,336) $(2,815,112) $(1,550,641) Net realized gain (loss) on investments $ 1,276,366 $18,963,832 $ 8,615,670 $(1,718,528) $(2,027,177) Net realized income (loss) $ 751,806 $22,274,082 $(1,020,666) $(4,533,640) $(3,577,818) Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments $(7,641,044) $(37,781,289)$38,102,047 $ 1,655,830 $ 969,243 Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations $(6,889,238) $(15,507,207)$37,081,381 $(2,877,810) $(2,608,575) (Decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations per outstanding share $ (0.78) $ (1.71) $ 4.01 $ (0.27) $ (0.24)
(1) Certain reclassifications have been made to the December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1999 financial statements to conform to the December 31, 2000 presentation. [Note: See "Reclassifications" in Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financials.] (2) Included in Total expenses are the following profit-sharing (reversals) accruals: ($984,021) in 2001; ($4,812,675) in 2000; $8,110,908 in 1999; $899,751 in 1998; $423,808 in 1997. 17 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with the Company's 2001 Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. Forward-Looking Statements The information contained herein contains certain forward- looking statements. These statements include the plans and objectives of management for future operations and financial objectives, portfolio growth and availability of funds. These forward-looking statements are subject to the inherent uncertainties in predicting future results and conditions. Certain factors that could cause actual results and conditions to differ materially from those projected in these forward- looking statements are set forth herein. (See "Risk Factors" contained in Item 1. "Business.") Other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include the uncertainties of economic, competitive and market conditions, and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond the control of the Company. Although the Company believes that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements included herein are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate and therefore there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference herein will prove to be accurate. Therefore, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that the objectives and plans of the Company will be achieved. Statement of Operations The Company accounts for its operations under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for investment companies. On this basis, the principal measure of its financial performance is captioned "Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations," which is the sum of three elements. The first element is "Net operating income (loss)," which is the difference between the Company's income from interest, dividends, fees and other income and its operating expenses, net of applicable income tax benefit (expense). The second element is "Net realized gain (loss) from investments," which is the difference between the proceeds received from dispositions of portfolio securities and their stated cost, net of applicable income tax benefit (expense). These two elements are combined in the Company's financial statements and reported as "Net realized income (loss)." The third element, "Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments," is the net change in the fair value of the Company's investment portfolio. "Net realized gain (loss) from investments" and "Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments" are directly related. When a security is sold to realize a gain (loss), net unrealized appreciation decreases (increases) and net realized gain increases (decreases). 18 Financial Condition The Company's total assets decreased by $3,661,056 or 8.4 percent to $39,682,367 and its net assets decreased by $7,498,705 or 23.6 percent to $24,334,770 at December 31, 2001, versus $43,343,423 and $31,833,475 at December 31, 2000. Net asset value per share ("NAV") was $2.75 at December 31, 2001, versus $3.51 at December 31, 2000. NAV was reduced by $0.02 in 2000 by the cash dividend paid by the Company. Among the significant changes during the year ended December 31, 2001 were: (1) the payment of $5,709,884 in federal income taxes as a result of the Company's deemed dividend distribution; (2) decline in the value of the Company's holdings in Experion Systems, Inc. of $480,000; (3) decline in the value of the Company's holdings in Informio, Inc. of $353,221; (4) decline in the value of the Company's holdings in Questech Corporation of $245,843; (5) writeoff of the value of the Company's holdings in Schwoo, Inc. of $1,248,827; (6) the sale of the Company's holdings in Nanophase Technologies Corporation, Genomica Corporation, SciQuest.com, Inc., Essential.com and MedLogic Global Corporation; and (7) the payment of the 2000 realized gain profit sharing awards of $2,320,938. In accordance with SEC guidelines as of March 31, 2001, the Company changed its valuation policy by no longer discounting publicly held securities for liquidity considerations. (See "Asset Valuation Policy Guidelines" in the "Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments" contained in Item 1. "Consolidated Financial Statements.") The Company's shares outstanding as of December 31, 2001 were 8,864,231, versus 9,064,231 at December 31, 2000, owing to the Company's repurchase of shares in the open market. The Company's financial condition is dependent on the success of its investments. The Company has invested a substantial portion of its assets in private, development stage or start-up companies. These private businesses tend to be thinly capitalized, unproven, small companies developing unproven technologies that lack management depth and have little or no history of operations. At December 31, 2001, $13,120,978 or 33.1 percent of the Company's total assets ( 53.9 percent of the Company's net assets) consisted of non-publicly traded securities at fair value, of which net unrealized appreciation was $1,215,444. At December 31, 2000, $10,240,018 or 23.6 percent of the Company's total assets (32.2 percent of the Company's net assets) consisted of investments in four publicly traded securities (three of which were private businesses at the time the Company made the investments), of which net unrealized appreciation was $5,539,997; $16,782,438 or 38.7 percent of the Company's total assets consisted of non-publicly traded securities at fair value in private businesses, of which net unrealized appreciation was $3,406,915. 19 The decrease in the value of publicly traded securities from $10,240,018 at December 31, 2000 to $0 at December 31, 2001 is primarily owing to the sale of shares of then publicly traded SciQuest.com, Kana Communications, Nanophase Technologies Corporation and Genomica Corporation. The value of the Company's investments may vary significantly on a quarterly basis (see "Risk Factors"). The net decrease in the value of the non-publicly traded securities from $16,782,438 at December 31, 2000 to $13,120,978 at December 31, 2001 resulted primarily from the decreases in the Company's valuation of its holdings in Informio, Experion Systems and Essential.com of $353,221, $480,000 and $2,204,000, respectively. These decreases in value were partially offset by the Company's new investment in Nantero, Inc. Schwoo, a new investment in 2001, decreased in value by $1,248,827 to $0 by year end. The changes in the values of SciQuest.com, Nanophase Technologies and Kana Communications took place in the context of the extreme volatility of publicly traded, small capitalization, high technology stocks in the last few years. A summary of the Company's investment portfolio is as follows: December 31, 2001 December 31, 2000 Investments, at cost $37,714,285 $33,620,631 Unrealized appreciation 1,216,420 8,947,928 ----------- ----------- Investments, at fair value $38,930,705 $42,568,559 =========== =========== __________________ The accumulated unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments net of deferred taxes is ($148,049) at December 31, 2001, versus $7,317,422 at December 31, 2000. Following an initial investment in a private company, the Company may make additional investments in such portfolio company in order to: (1) increase or maintain in whole or in part its ownership percentage; (2) exercise warrants, options or convertible securities that were acquired in the original or subsequent financing; (3) preserve the Company's proportionate ownership in a subsequent financing; or (4) attempt to preserve or enhance the value of the Company's investment. There can be no assurance that the Company will make follow-on investments or have sufficient funds to make additional investments. The Company has the discretion to make follow-on investments as it determines, subject to the availability of capital resources. The failure to make such follow-on investments may, in certain circumstances, jeopardize the continued viability of the portfolio company and the Company's initial investment or may result in a missed opportunity for the Company to maintain or increase its participation in a successful operation. Even if the Company has sufficient capital to make a desired follow-on investment, it may elect not to make a follow-on investment because it does not want to increase its concentration of risk, because it prefers other opportunities, or because it is inhibited by compliance with BDC or RIC requirements, even though the follow-on investment opportunity appears attractive or would preserve rights pursuant to "pay to play" provisions. 20 The following table is a summary of the cash investments and loans made by the Company in its private placement portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2001: New Investments: Amount Schwoo, Inc. $888,577 Nantero, Inc. 489,999 Additional Investments: Experion Systems, Inc. 80,000 Loans: Schwoo, Inc. 360,250 ---------- Total $1,818,826 ========== Results of Operations Investment Income and Expenses: The Company had net operating income (loss) of ($524,560) in 2001, $3,310,250 in 2000 and ($9,636,336) in 1999. The net operating income (loss) for 2001, 2000 and 1999 reflected a (decrease) increase in the employee profit-sharing accrual that resulted in a (credit) debit to expenses of ($984,021) in 2001, ($4,812,675) in 2000 and $8,110,908 in 1999. When unrealized appreciation as of a certain date subsequently decreases or increases, the profit-sharing accrual decreases or increases accordingly, resulting in a credit or debit to expenses. The Company's principal objective is to achieve capital appreciation. Therefore, a significant portion of the investment portfolio is structured to maximize the potential for capital appreciation and provides little or no current yield in the form of dividends or interest. The Company does earn interest income from fixed-income securities, including U.S. Government and Agency Obligations. The amount of interest income earned varies with the average balance of the Company's fixed-income portfolio and the average yield on this portfolio. The Company had total investment income of $510,661 in 2001, $687,050 in 2000 and $287,684 in 1999. Total investment income is comprised primarily of interest from fixed-income securities, loans and debt securities of portfolio companies and other income. The Company had interest income from fixed-income securities of $422,196 in 2001, $554,233 in 2000 and $234,347 in 1999. The decrease in interest income from 2000 to 2001 of $132,037 or 23.8 percent reflects primarily the steep decline in interest rates during the second half of 2001. The increase in interest income from 1999 to 2000 of $319,886 or 136.5 percent reflects additional funds invested in fixed-income securities as a result of the sale of securities of SciQuest.com and Alliance Pharmaceutical. 21 The Company had interest income from portfolio companies of $9,616 in 2001, $64,950 in 2000 and $48,526 in 1999. The decrease from 2000 to 2001 of $55,334 or 85.2 percent and the increase from 1999 to 2000 of $16,424 or 33.8 percent is owing to the change in amount of outstanding loans during the periods. The amount of outstanding loans to portfolio companies varies. Typically, loans made to portfolio companies are bridge loans and are converted into equity at the next financing. The Company had other income of $77,849 in 2001, $65,867 in 2000 and $3,911 in 1999. The other income primarily represents rental income for subleasing office space to an unaffiliated party. Operating expenses were $1,035,221 in 2001, ($2,623,200) in 2000 and $9,924,020 in 1999. The operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2001 reflect a reversal of a prior expense accrual in the employee profit-sharing plan of $984,021 owing to decreases in unrealized appreciation of investments for the current year. Salaries and benefits increased by $8,326 or one percent. Administration and operations increased by $20,880 or 5.4 percent, and professional fees decreased by $49,019 or 15.8 percent in 2001. The remaining expenses are related to office and rent expenses and director compensation. The Company has in the past relied, and continues to rely to a large extent, on proceeds from sales of investments, rather than on investment income, to defray a significant portion of its operating expenses. Because such sales are unpredictable, the Company attempts to maintain adequate working capital to provide for fiscal periods when there are no such sales. Realized Gains and Losses on Sales of Portfolio Securities During the three years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, the Company sold various investments and received distributions, realizing net gains of $1,394,781, $19,065,267 and $10,976,714, respectively. During 2001, the Company recorded realized gain from investments of $1,394,781. Gains of $2,762,696 and $1,022,905 resulted from the sale of the Company's entire position in Nanophase Technologies Corporation and Genomica Corporation, respectively; losses of $1,349,512, $1,258,679 and $1,033,765 resulted from the sale of its entire position in Essential.com, Inc., SciQuest.com, Inc. and MedLogic Global Corporation, respectively. The Company also recorded a gain of $1,266,729 from its partnership interest in PHZ Capital Partners L.P. As a result of the gains and losses realized during 2001, unrealized appreciation increased by $3,948,271. During 2000, the Company recorded realized gain from investments of $19,065,267, including: $9,693,446 on the sale of its entire position in Alliance Pharmaceutical; $7,407,377 on the sale of its original position in SciQuest.com (the Company purchased an additional 350,000 shares during the year); $1,054,818 on the sale of 61,043 shares of Kana Communications; 22 $241,025 on the sale of 85,100 shares of Nanophase Technologies; $528,021 recorded gain from PHZ Capital Partners LP; and $147,528 on the realization of the reserve relating to monies placed in escrow in connection with the sale of NBX Corporation to 3Com Corporation. (See Note 7 to Consolidated Financial Statements.) The Company received in full the escrowed funds on March 6, 2000. As a result of the gains and losses realized during 2000, unrealized appreciation decreased by $21,400,036. During 1999, the Company recorded realized gain from investments of $10,976,714, including: $10,584,630 on the sale of NBX Corporation to 3Com Corporation; $160,918 on the sale of 87,600 shares of Princeton Video Image, Inc. The Company also incurred losses of approximately $381,004 on the sale of various publicly traded investments. As a result of gains and losses realized during 1999, unrealized appreciation decreased by $4,234,794. Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation of Portfolio Securities The Board of Directors values the portfolio securities on a quarterly basis pursuant to the Company's Asset Valuation guidelines in accordance with the 1940 Act. (See "Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.") In 2001, net unrealized appreciation on investments decreased by $7,731,508 or 86.4 percent from $8,947,928 to $1,216,420, primarily as a result of declines in the values of the Company's holdings of Nanophase, Genomica, Essential.com, Experion Systems, and Schwoo of $5,499,664, $1,540,375, $854,467, $480,000 and $1,248,827, respectively. This decrease was offset by an increase in unrealized appreciation of $1,528,082 and $1,033,775 as a result of the realization of the loss on the sale of the Company's positions in SciQuest.com and MedLogic. In 2000, net unrealized appreciation on investments decreased by $37,934,593 or 80.9 percent from $46,882,521 to $8,947,928, primarily as a result of declines in the values of the Company's holdings in SciQuest.com, Kana Communications, and Questech Corporation of $26,102,456 (net of gain realized on sale), $3,816,204 (net of gain realized on sale) and $1,165,874, respectively, offset by increases in the values of the Company's holdings in Nanophase Technologies Corporation, Genomica Corporation and Essential.com of $3,709,449, $1,330,949 and $854,467, respectively. (See "Consolidated Schedule of Investments" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.") In 1999, net unrealized appreciation on investments increased by $36,474,973 or 350.5 percent, from $10,407,548 to $46,882,521. The most significant increases in valuation during 1999 were in: SciQuest.com, Inc., $31,981,750; Silknet Software, Inc. (which acquired InSite Marketing Technology, Inc.), $4,899,062; Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., $3,839,000; and Nanophase Technologies Corporation, $1,935,016. The increase in valuations was offset by the reclassification of the Company's gain in NBX Corporation of $4,716,062 from unrealized to realized. 23 Liquidity and Capital Resources The Company's net primary sources of liquidity are cash, receivables and freely marketable securities, net of short-term indebtedness. The Company's secondary sources of liquidity are restricted securities of companies that are publicly traded. At December 31, 2001, December 31, 2000 and December 31, 1999, respectively, the Company's net primary liquidity was $13,459,654, $23,039,736 and $6,622,216. On the corresponding dates, the Company's secondary liquidity was $0, $3,040,679 and $38,230,812. The Company's tertiary source of liquidity is its holding in PHZ Capital Partners L.P., from which the Company received cash distributions in 2001, 2000 and 1999 of $172,068, $280,326 and $612,170, respectively. On November 19, 2001, the Company established an asset account line of credit of up to $12,700,000. The asset account line of credit is secured by the Company's government agency securities. Under the asset account line of credit, the Company may borrow up to 95 percent of the current value of its government agency securities. The Company's outstanding balance under the asset line of credit at December 31, 2001 was $12,495,777. The asset line of credit bears interest at a rate of the Broker Call Rate plus 50 basis points. On January 3, 2002, the Company repaid the entire outstanding balance under the asset line of credit. The decrease in the Company's net primary source of liquidity from December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001 is primarily owing to the (1) payment of income taxes, primarily federal, of $5,795,916; (2) payment of the 2000 employee profit sharing of approximately $2,320,939; (3) investment of $1,248,827 in Schwoo, Inc., $80,000 in Experion Systems, Inc. and $489,999 in Nantero, Inc.; and (4) the use of funds for operating expenses. These decreases were offset by (1) the receipt of approximately $2,000,000 of the funds from the liquidation of Harris Newco, Inc., (2) the receipt of funds from the sales of Nanophase Technologies Corporation and Genomica Corporation of $4,263,242 and $2,523,274, respectively, and (3) the receipt of $174,068 in cash distributions from PHZ Capital Partners L.P. The decrease in the Company's secondary source of liquidity from December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001 reflects the sale of all publicly traded restricted securities. From December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001, restricted funds increased by $216,837 or 81.8 percent primarily as a result of the Company's 2001 contribution to the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan or SERP account. From December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001, the Company's liability for accrued profit sharing and current income tax liability decreased significantly. Accrued profit sharing decreased by $3,304,959 to $178,282 as a result of payment of $2,320,939 of the 2000 profit sharing and the reversal of a prior expense accrual of $984,020 owing to the decrease in unrealized appreciation for the year ended December 31, 2001. There was no payout under the Plan for the 2001 year. 24 The Company's current tax liability decreased by $5,496,498 to $255,068, primarily as a result of the federal income tax paid in 2001 in connection with the 2000 deemed dividend distribution. In 2000, the Company declared a designated undistributed capital gain dividend for a total of $16,253,987 and paid a total of $5,688,896 in federal income taxes in January 2001. For 2001, the Company declared a designated undistributed capital gain dividend of $775,620 and recorded an associated federal income tax accrual of $271,467. The taxes were paid in January 2002. (See "Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.") On October 12, 2000, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had authorized a repurchase program in the open market of up to $2 million of the Company's stock. Through December 31, 2001, the Company had purchased a total of 376,600 shares for a total of $868,051. The Company's net primary sources of liquidity are more than adequate to cover the Company's gross cash operating expenses over the next 12 months. Such gross cash operating expenses totaled $1,992,341, $2,051,086 and $1,777,657 in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The Company cannot predict the amount, if any, of cash distributions that it might receive from its holding in PHZ Capital Partners L.P., in the year 2002. Recent Developments -- Portfolio Companies On January 29, 2002, the Company invested an additional $100,000 in Series B preferred stock of Experion Systems, Inc. On February 12, 2002, the Company announced that it had purchased for $700,000 a Series A preferred stock which represented an approximate 15 percent fully diluted equity interest in Nanopharma Corp. Nanopharma is a privately held company spun off from Massachusetts General Hospital. Nanopharma, which is based in Massachusetts, is a research company founded to develop advanced drug delivery systems based on patented technology. On February 20, 2002, Schwoo, Inc. filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The Company wrote off its investment in Schwoo in 2001. On March 7, 2002, the Company invested approximately $625,000 in Series A-1 preferred stock of a privately held company engaged in the production of nanoscale components based on patented technolgoy. Under certain conditions, the Company will be obligated to invest an additional $375,000 in the Series A-1 preferred. On March 8, 2002, the Company invested $1,000,000 in Series D preferred stock of privately held NEO Photonics Corporation. NEO Photonics has developed patented technology that enables the manufacture of unique nanoscale optical compositions for the telecommunications industry. 25 Recent Developments -- Sub-Chapter M Status The qualification of the Company as a RIC under Sub-Chapter M of the Code depends on it satisfying certain technical requirements regarding its income, investment portfolio and distributions. (See "Sub-Chapter M Status" contained in Item 1. "Business"). The Company was unable to satisfy these requirements for the 1998 tax year owing to the nature of the Company's ownership interest in one of its portfolio companies. In addition, because it realized taxable losses in 1998, it was not strategically advantageous for the Company to elect Sub- Chapter M tax status for 1998. The Company changed the nature of its ownership interest in the non-qualifying portfolio company effective January 1, 1999 in order to meet the Sub- Chapter M requirements. In 1999, the Company requested and received certification from the SEC relating to the Company's status under section 851(e) of the Code, and the Company elected Sub-Chapter M tax treatment. During 1999, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.35 per share (for a total of $3,647,017), thereby distributing part of the long-term capital gain generated in 1999 by the sale of NBX Corporation to 3Com Corporation. Approximately $143,261 of the long-term capital gain for 1999 was not distributed during 1999. Accordingly, on September 20, 2000, the Company declared a $0.02 dividend (for a total of $184,817). For the year ended December 31, 1999, the Company incurred approximately $20,000 in excise taxes. Since 1999, the Company has received SEC certification and qualification for RIC treatment. Although the SEC certification for 1999, 2000 and 2001 was issued, there can be no assurance that the Company will receive such certification for subsequent years (to the extent it needs additional certification as a result of changes in its portfolio) or that it will actually qualify as a RIC for subsequent years. In addition, under certain circumstances, even if the Company qualified for Sub-Chapter M treatment in a given year, the Company might take action in a subsequent year to ensure that it would be taxed in that subsequent year as a C Corporation, rather than as a RIC. On December 14, 2000, the Company announced that its Board of Directors, in accordance with rules governing a RIC under Sub- Chapter M of the Code, declared a designated undistributed capital gain dividend (also known as a deemed dividend) of $1.78 per share, for a total of $16,253,987 and paid corporate taxes on behalf of shareholders of $0.62 per share, for a total of $5,688,896. On January 22, 2002, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had declared a deemed dividend of $0.0875 per share, for a total of $775,620 and paid corporate taxes on behalf of shareholders of $0.030625 per share, for a total of $271,467. This information will be reported to shareholders on IRS Form 2439 which will reflect receipt of the deemed dividend income and a tax credit equal to the shareholder's proportionate share of the tax paid by the Company. 26 Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk The Company's business activities are highly risky. The Company considers a principal type of market risk to be valuation risk. Investments are stated at "fair value" as defined in the 1940 Act and in the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. All assets are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by, or under the direction of, the Board of Directors. (See "Asset Valuation Policy Guidelines" in the "Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments" contained in Item 8. "Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.") Neither the Company's investments nor an investment in the Company is intended to constitute a balanced investment program. The Company has exposure to public-market price fluctuations to the extent of its publicly traded portfolio. The Company has invested a substantial portion of its assets in private development stage or start-up companies. These private businesses tend to be thinly capitalized, unproven, small companies developing new technologies that lack management depth and have not attained profitability or have no history of operations. Because of the speculative nature and the lack of public market for these investments, there is significantly greater risk of loss than is the case with traditional investment securities. The Company expects that some of its venture capital investments will be a complete loss or will be unprofitable and that some will appear to be likely to become successful but never realize their potential. Even when the Company's private equity investments complete initial public offerings (IPOs), the Company is normally subject to lock-up agreements for a period of time. Because there is typically no public market for the equity interests of the small companies in which the Company invests, the valuation of the equity interests in the Company's portfolio is subject to the estimate of the Company's Board of Directors in accordance with the Company's Asset Valuation Policy Guidelines. In the absence of a readily ascertainable market value, the estimated value of the Company's portfolio of equity interests may differ significantly from the values that would be placed on the portfolio if a ready market for the equity interests existed. Any changes in valuation are recorded in the Company's consolidated statements of operations as "Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments." 27 Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data HARRIS & HARRIS GROUP, INC. INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES The following reports and consolidated financial schedules of Harris & Harris Group, Inc. are filed herewith and included in response to Item 8. Documents Page Report of Independent Public Accountants..............29 Consolidated Financial Statements Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2001 and 2000....................30 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999........31 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999........32 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999................................................33 Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2001............................................34-37 Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments......38-40 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............41-49 Selected Per Share Data and Ratios for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997............................................50 Schedules other than those listed above have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is presented in the consolidated financial statements and/or related notes. 28 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS To Harris & Harris Group, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of assets and liabilities of Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (a New York corporation) as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, including the consolidated schedule of investments as of December 31, 2001, and the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows and changes in net assets for each of the three years ended December 31, 2001, and the selected per share data and ratios for each of the five years ended December 31, 2001. These consolidated financial statements and selected per share data and ratios are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and selected per share data and ratios based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements and selected per share data and ratios are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, by correspondence with the custodian and brokers. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. As explained in Note 2, the consolidated financial statements include securities valued at $13,120,978 (53.92 percent of net assets), whose values have been estimated by the Board of Directors in the absence of readily ascertainable market values. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed, and the differences could be material. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements and selected per share data and ratios referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Harris & Harris Group, Inc. as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, the results of their operations, their cash flows and the changes in their net assets for the three years ended December 31, 2001, and the selected per share data and ratios for each of the five years ended December 31, 2001 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. /s/ Arthur Andersen LLP ------------------------- New York, New York March 21, 2002 29 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ASSETS December 31, 2001 December 31, 2000 Investments, at value (See accompanying consolidated schedule of investments and notes)....................... $ 38,930,705 $ 42,568,559 Cash and cash equivalents.......... 135,135 253,324 Restricted funds (Note 5).......... 482,020 265,183 Interest receivable................ 82 30,082 Prepaid expenses................... 14,833 82,615 Note receivable.................... 10,487 10,888 Other assets....................... 109,105 132,772 --------------- --------------- Total assets....................... $ 39,682,367 $ 43,343,423 =============== =============== LIABILITIES & NET ASSETS Accounts payable and accrued liabilities...................... $ 1,039,350 $ 771,763 Payable to broker for unsettled trade............................ 0 115,005 Bank loan payable (Note 8)......... 12,495,777 0 Accrued profit sharing (Note 3).... 178,282 3,483,241 Deferred rent...................... 14,650 23,903 Current income tax liability (Note 6)......................... 255,068 5,751,566 Deferred income tax liability (Note 6)......................... 1,364,470 1,364,470 --------------- --------------- Total liabilities.................. 15,347,597 11,509,948 --------------- --------------- Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) Net assets......................... $ 24,334,770 $ 31,833,475 =============== =============== Net assets are comprised of: Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued...................... $ 0 $ 0 Common stock, $0.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 10,692,971 issued at 12/31/01 and at 12/31/00.................. 106,930 106,930 Additional paid in capital (Note 4)......................... 27,228,748 26,724,595 Additional paid in capital - common stock warrants............ 109,641 109,641 Accumulated net realized gain (loss)........................... 618,606 642,418 Accumulated unrealized appreciation of investments, net of deferred tax liability of $1,540,044 at 12/31/01 and $1,630,506 at 12/31/00....... (323,624) 7,317,422 Treasury stock, at cost (1,828,740 shares at 12/31/01 and 1,628,740 at 12/31/00)..................... (3,405,531) (3,067,531) --------------- --------------- Net assets......................... $ 24,334,770 $ 31,833,475 =============== =============== Shares outstanding................. 8,864,231 9,064,231 =============== =============== Net asset value per outstanding share............................ $ 2.75 $ 3.51 =============== =============== The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 30
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2001 December 31, 2000 December 31, 1999 Investment income: Interest from: Fixed-income securities........$ 422,196 $ 554,233 $ 234,347 Portfolio companies......... 9,616 64,950 48,526 Dividend income..... 1,000 2,000 900 Other income........ 77,849 65,867 3,911 Total investment income............ 510,661 687,050 287,684 Expenses: Profit-sharing (reversal) accrual (Note 3)........... (984,021) (4,812,675) 8,110,908 Salaries and benefits........... 1,045,063 1,036,737 834,700 Professional fees... 261,582 310,601 331,889 Administration and operations..... 406,488 385,608 319,167 Rent................ 166,312 166,816 162,987 Directors' fees and expenses....... 90,047 100,469 120,328 Depreciation........ 26,901 28,748 35,455 Custodian fees...... 14,518 14,355 8,586 Interest expense (Note 4)........... 8,331 146,141 0 ---------------- ----------------- ----------------- Total expenses... 1,035,221 (2,623,200) 9,924,020 ---------------- ----------------- ----------------- Operating income (loss) before income taxes....... (524,560) 3,310,250 (9,636,336) Income tax benefit (Note 6)........... 0 0 0 ---------------- ----------------- ----------------- Net operating income (loss)........ (524,560) 3,310,250 (9,636,336) Net realized gain (loss) from investments: Realized gain (loss) from investments... 1,394,781 19,065,267 10,976,714 ---------------- ----------------- ---------------- Total realized gain (loss)..... 1,394,781 19,065,267 10,976,714 Income tax expense (Note 6)........... (118,415) (101,435) (2,361,044) ---------------- ----------------- ---------------- Net realized gain (loss) from investments........ 1,276,366 18,963,832 8,615,670 Net realized income (loss).............. 751,806 22,274,082 (1,020,666) Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments: Increase as a result of investment sales.............. 4,802,738 0 704,801 Decrease as a result of investment sales.............. (854,467) (21,400,036) (4,939,595) Increase on investments held... 3,232,919 26,741,283 43,186,960 Decrease on investments held... (14,912,698) (43,275,840) (2,477,193) --------------- ------------------ ------------------ Change in unrealized appreciation on investments. (7,731,508) (37,934,593) 36,474,973 Income tax benefit (Note 6)........... 90,464 153,304 1,627,074 --------------- ----------------- ------------------ Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments..... (7,641,044) (37,781,289) 38,102,047 --------------- ----------------- ------------------ Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations: Total............... $ (6,889,238) $ (15,507,207) $ 37,081,381 =============== ================= ================== Per outstanding share.............. $ (0.78) $ (1.71) $ 4.01 =============== ================= ==================
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 31
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2001 December 31, 2000 December 31, 1999 Cash flows used in operating activities: Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations............ $ (6,889,238) $(15,507,207) $ 37,081,381 Adjustments to reconcile net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations to net cash used in operating activities: Net realized and unrealized loss (gain) on investments............ 5,950,398 18,869,326 (47,451,687) Deferred income taxes...... 90,464 (153,304) 586,710 Depreciation............... 26,901 28,748 35,455 Other...................... 2,010 109,641 0 Interest received in stock. 0 (27,009) 0 Changes in assets and liabilities: Restricted funds........... (216,837) (265,183) 0 Receivable from broker for unsettled trades...... 0 0 380,707 Funds in escrow............ 0 1,327,748 (1,327,748) Interest receivable........ 30,000 14,107 (43,523) Prepaid expenses........... 67,782 (8,287) 16,321 Notes receivable........... 401 0 0 Other assets............... 23,667 18,384 (41,281) Accounts payable and accrued liabilities...... 267,587 71,197 195,448 Payable to broker for unsettled trade.......... (115,005) 115,005 0 Accrued profit sharing..... (3,304,959) (5,951,226) 8,110,908 Deferred rent.............. (9,253) (9,253) (9,253) Current income tax liability................. (5,496,498) 62,670 0 ------------ ------------- ------------- Net cash used in operating activities...... (9,572,580) (1,304,643) (2,466,562) Cash provided by investing activities: Net (purchase) sale of short-term investments and marketable securities. (10,263,667) (14,480,590) 240,590 Investment in private placements and loans...... (1,818,826) (6,417,500) (4,077,001) Proceeds from sale of investments............... 9,385,615 23,022,868 12,274,632 Purchase of fixed assets... (6,508) (6,974) (9,261) ----------- ----------- ----------- Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities... (2,703,386) 2,117,804 8,428,960 Cash flows used in financing activities: Payment of dividend........ 0 (184,817) (3,647,017) Purchase of treasury stock (Note 4)............ (338,000) (530,051) (2,373,551) Proceeds from note payable. 12,495,777 3,000,000 0 Payment of note payable (Note 4).................. 0 (3,000,000) 0 Proceeds from sale of stock (Note 4)............ 0 0 17,283 Collection on notes receivable................ 0 21,775 10,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities................ 12,157,777 (693,093) (5,993,285) ----------- ----------- ----------- Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year.. 253,324 133,256 164,143 Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year........ 135,135 253,324 133,256 ----------- ----------- ----------- Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents............... $ (118,189) $ 120,068 $ (30,887) Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Income taxes paid.......... $ 5,795,916 $ 117,134 $ 122,560 Interest paid.............. $ 0 $ 36,500 $ 0
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 32
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2001 December 31, 2000 December 31, 1999 Changes in net assets from operations: Net operating income (loss)................ $ (524,560) $ 3,310,250 $ (9,636,336) Net realized gain (loss) on investments. 1,276,366 18,963,832 8,615,670 Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments as a result of sales....... 4,038,735 (21,246,732) (2,607,720) Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation on investments held...... (11,679,779) (16,534,557) 40,709,767 ------------ ------------ -------------- Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations............... (6,889,238) (15,507,207) 37,081,381 Changes in net assets from capital stock transactions: Payment of dividend.... 0 (184,817) (3,647,017) Purchase of treasury stock................. (338,000) (530,051) (2,373,551) Proceeds from sale of stock.............. 0 0 17,283 Deemed dividend shareholder tax credit................ (271,467) (5,688,896) 0 Additional paid in capital warrants...... 0 109,641 0 ----------- ------------ ------------- Net decrease in net assets resulting from capital stock transactions....... (609,467) (6,294,123) (6,003,285) ----------- ------------- ------------- Net (decrease) increase in net assets............ (7,498,705) (21,801,330) 31,078,096 ----------- ------------- ------------- Net Assets: Beginning of the year.. 31,833,475 53,634,805 22,556,709 ----------- ------------- ------------- End of the year........ $24,334,770 $ 31,833,475 $ 53,634,805 =========== ============= =============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 33 CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2001 Method of Shares/ Valuation (3) Principal Value Investments in Unaffiliated Companies (10)(11)(12) -- 4.3% of total investments Private Placement Portfolio (Illiquid) -- 4.3% of total investments AlphaSimplex Group, LLC (1)(2) -- Investment advisory firm headed by Dr. Andrew W. Lo, holder of the Harris & Harris Group Chair at MIT...........................................(D) -- $ 784 Exponential Business Development Company (1)(2)(5) -- Venture capital partnership focused on early stage companies Limited partnership interest.....................(A) -- 25,000 Informio, Inc. (1)(2)(6)(7) -- Develops audio web portal technology --0.86% of fully diluted equity Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.............(D) 229,364 151,380 Kriton Medical, Inc. (1)(2)(5)(6) -- Develops ventricular assist devices -- 1.83% of fully diluted equity Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.............(A) 476,191 1,000,001 Nantero, Inc. (1)(2)(4)(6) -- Develops a high density nonvolatile random access memory chip using nanotechnology -- 4.18% of fully diluted equity Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.............(A) 345,000 489,999 ---------- Total Private Placement Portfolio (cost: $2,019,601)................$1,667,164 ---------- Total Investments in Unaffiliated Companies (cost: $2,019,601)................................................$1,667,164 ---------- The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated schedule. 34 CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2001 Method of Shares/ Valuation (3) Principal Value Investments in Non-Controlled Affiliated Companies (16)(19) -- 29.4% of total investments Private Placement Portfolio (Illiquid) -- 29.4% of total investments Experion Systems, Inc. (1)(2)(6)(8) -- Develops and sells software to credit unions -- 10.77% of fully diluted equity Convertible Preferred Stock....................(D) 197,500 $1,100,000 NeuroMetrix, Inc. (1)(2)(5)(6) -- Develops and sells medical devices for monitoring neuromuscular disorders -- 13.40% of fully diluted equity Series A Convertible Preferred Stock...........(D) 875,000 Series B Convertible Preferred Stock...........(D) 625,000 Series C-2 Convertible Preferred Stock.........(D) 1,148,100 Series E Convertible Preferred.................(D) 266,665 6,708,225 PHZ Capital Partners Limited Partnership (2)(9) -- Organizes and manages investment partnerships utilizing its proprietary algorithms -- 20.0% of fully diluted equity Limited partnership interest...................(D) -- 2,921,001 Questech Corporation (1)(2)(6) -- Manufactures and markets proprietary metal decorative tiles -- 7.35% of fully diluted equity Common Stock...................................(B) 646,954 Warrants at $5.00 expiring 11/15/04............(B) 1,965 Warrants at $1.50 expiring 11/16/05............(B) 1,250 724,588 Schwoo, Inc. (1)(2)(4) -- Develops software that automatically manages e-commerce security infrastructure -- 14.88% of fully diluted equity Series B Convertible Stock.....................(D) 2,306,194 Convertible Bridge Loans.......................(D) $360,250 Series B Convertible Preferred Warrants........(D) 934,985 0 ----------- Total Private Placement Portfolio (cost: $9,885,933)..............$11,453,814 ----------- Total Investments in Non-Controlled Affiliated Companies (cost: $9,885,933)................................................$11,453,814 ----------- The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated schedule. 35 CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2001 Method of Shares/ Valuation (3) Principal Value U.S. Government and Agency Obligations -- 66.3% of total investments U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 01/03/02...............................(K) $12,615,000 $12,614,495 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 01/10/02...............................(K) $ 2,000,000 $ 1,999,260 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 01/17/02...............................(K) $ 894,000 $ 893,374 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 02/07/02...............................(K) $ 3,150,000 $ 3,144,897 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 02/14/02...............................(K) $ 1,700,000 $ 1,696,651 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 02/28/02...............................(K) $ 580,000 $ 578,422 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 03/07/02...............................(K) $ 1,030,000 $ 1,026,869 U.S. Treasury Bills -- due date 03/21/02...............................(K) $ 3,870,000 $ 3,855,759 ----------- Total Investments in U.S. Government (cost: $25,808,751)............$25,809,727 ----------- Total Investments -- 100% (cost: $37,714,285).......................$38,930,705 =========== The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated schedule. 36 CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2001 Notes to Consolidated Schedule of Investments (1) Represents a non-income producing security. Equity investments that have not paid dividends within the last 12 months are considered to be non-income producing. (2) Legal restrictions on sale of investment. (3) See Footnote to Schedule of Investments for a description of the Methods of Valuation A to L. (4) Initial investment was made during 2001. The amounts shown on the schedule as cost represent the gross additions in 2001. (5) No changes in valuation occurred in these investments during the 12 months ended December 31, 2001. (6) These investments are development stage companies. A development stage company is defined as a company that is devoting substantially all of its efforts to establishing a new business, and either it has not yet commenced its planned principal operations or it has commenced such operations but has not realized significant revenue from them. (7) Previously named iPacer Corporation. (8) Previously named MyPersonalAdvocate.com, Inc. (9) Harris Partners I, L.P. owns a 20 percent limited partnership interest in PHZ Capital Partners L.P. The partners of Harris Partners I, L.P. are Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. (sole general partner) and Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (sole limited partner). Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. is a 100 percent owned subsidiary of Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (10) Investments in unaffiliated companies consist of investments in which the Company owns less than five percent of the portfolio company. Investments in non-controlled affiliated companies consist of investments in which the Company owns more than five percent but less than 25 percent of the portfolio company. Investments in controlled affiliated companies consist of investments in which the Company owns more than 25 percent of the portfolio company. (11) The aggregate cost for federal income tax purposes of investments in unaffiliated companies is $2,019,601. The gross unrealized depreciation based on the tax cost for these securities is $353,221. The gross unrealized appreciation based on the tax cost for these securities is $784. (12) The percentage ownership of each portfolio company disclosed in the Consolidated Schedule of Investments expresses the potential common equity interest in each such portfolio. The calculated percentage represents the amount of the issuer's common stock the Company owns or can acquire as a percentage of the issuer's total outstanding common stock plus common shares reserved for issued and outstanding warrants, convertible securities and stock options. The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated schedule. 37 FOOTNOTE TO CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS ASSET VALUATION POLICY GUIDELINES The Company's investments can be classified into five broad categories for valuation purposes: 1) EQUITY-RELATED SECURITIES 2) INVESTMENTS IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OR PATENTS OR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN TECHNOLOGY OR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 3) LONG-TERM FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES 4) SHORT-TERM FIXED-INCOME INVESTMENTS 5) ALL OTHER INVESTMENTS The Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "1940 Act") requires periodic valuation of each investment in the Company's portfolio to determine net asset value of the Company. Under the 1940 Act, unrestricted securities with readily available market quotations are to be valued at the current market value; all other assets must be valued at "fair value" as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for 1) determining overall valuation guidelines and 2) ensuring the valuation of investments within the prescribed guidelines. The Company's Investment and Valuation Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving the valuation of the Company's assets within the guidelines established by the Board of Directors. Fair value is generally defined as the amount that an investment could be sold for in an orderly disposition over a reasonable time. Generally, to increase objectivity in valuing the assets of the Company, external measures of value, such as public markets or third-party transactions, are utilized whenever possible. Valuation is not based on long-term work-out value, nor immediate liquidation value, nor incremental value for potential changes that may take place in the future. Valuation assumes that, in the ordinary course of its business, the Company will eventually sell its investment. The Company's valuation policy with respect to the five broad investment categories is as follows: EQUITY-RELATED SECURITIES Equity-related securities are carried at fair value using one or more of the following basic methods of valuation: A. Cost: The cost method is based on the original cost to the Company. This method is generally used in the early stages of a company's development until significant positive or negative events occur subsequent to the date of the original investment that dictate a change to another valuation method. Some examples of such events are: (1) a major recapitalization; (2) a major refinancing; (3) a significant third-party transaction; (4) the development of a meaningful public market for the company's common stock; (5) significant positive or negative changes in the company's business. 38 B. Private Market: The private market method uses actual third-party transactions in the company's securities as a basis for valuation, using actual, executed, historical transactions in the company's securities by responsible third parties. The private market method may also use, where applicable, unconditional firm offers by responsible third parties as a basis for valuation. C. Public Market: The public market method is used when there is an established public market for the class of the company's securities held by the Company. The Company discounts market value for securities that are subject to significant legal, contractual or practical restrictions. Other securities, for which market quotations are readily available, are carried at market value as of the time of valuation. Market value for securities traded on securities exchanges or on the Nasdaq National Market is the last reported sales price on the day of valuation. For other securities traded in the over-the-counter market and listed securities for which no sale was reported on that day, market value is the mean of the closing bid price and asked price on that day. This method is the preferred method of valuation when there is an established public market for a company's securities, as that market provides the most objective basis for valuation. D. Analytical Method: The analytical method is generally used to value an investment position when there is no established public or private market in the company's securities or when the factual information available to the Company dictates that an investment should no longer be valued under either the cost or private market method. This valuation method is inherently imprecise and ultimately the result of reconciling the judgments of the Company's Investment and Valuation Committee members, based on the data available to them. The resulting valuation, although stated as a precise number, is necessarily within a range of values that vary depending upon the significance attributed to the various factors being considered. Some of the factors considered may include the financial condition and operating results of the company, the long-term potential of the business of the company, the values of similar securities issued by companies in similar businesses, the proportion of the company's securities owned by the Company and the nature of any rights to require the company to register restricted securities under applicable securities laws. INVESTMENTS IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OR PATENTS OR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN TECHNOLOGY OR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Such investments are carried at fair value using the following basic methods of valuation: E. Cost: The cost method is based on the original cost to the Company. Such method is generally used in the early stages of commercializing or developing intellectual property or patents or research and development in technology or product development until significant positive or adverse events occur subsequent to the date of the original investment that dictate a change to another valuation method. F. Private Market: The private market method uses actual third-party investments in intellectual property or patents or research and development in technology or product development as a basis for valuation, using actual executed historical transactions by responsible third parties. The private market method may also use, where applicable, unconditional firm offers by responsible third parties as a basis for valuation. G. Analytical Method: The analytical method is used to value an investment after analysis of the best available outside information where the factual information available to the Company dictates that an investment should no longer be valued under either the cost or private market method. This valuation method is inherently imprecise and ultimately the result of 39 reconciling the judgments of the Company's Investment and Valuation Committee members. The resulting valuation, although stated as a precise number, is necessarily within a range of values that vary depending upon the significance attributed to the various factors being considered. Some of the factors considered may include the results of research and development, product development progress, commercial prospects, term of patent and projected markets. LONG-TERM FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES H. Fixed-Income Securities for which market quotations are readily available are carried at market value as of the time of valuation using the most recent bid quotations when available. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available are carried at fair value using one or more of the following basic methods of valuation: I. Fixed-Income Securities are valued by independent pricing services that provide market quotations based primarily on quotations from dealers and brokers, market transactions, and other sources. J. Other Fixed-Income Securities that are not readily marketable are valued at fair value by the Investment and Valuation Committee. SHORT-TERM FIXED-INCOME INVESTMENTS K. Short-Term Fixed-Income Investments are valued at market value at the time of valuation. Short-term debt with remaining maturity of 60 days or less is valued at amortized cost. ALL OTHER INVESTMENTS L. All Other Investments are reported at fair value as determined in good faith by the Investment and Valuation Committee. The reported values of securities for which market quotations are not readily available and for other assets reflect the Investment and Valuation Committee's judgment of fair values as of the valuation date using the outlined basic methods of valuation. They do not necessarily represent an amount of money that would be realized if the securities had to be sold in an immediate liquidation. The Company makes many of its portfolio investments with the view of holding them for a number of years, and the reported value of such investments may be considered in terms of disposition over a period of time. Thus valuations as of any particular date are not necessarily indicative of amounts that may ultimately be realized as a result of future sales or other dispositions of investments held. 40 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 1. THE COMPANY Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (the "Company") is a venture capital investment company operating as a business development company ("BDC") under the Investment Company Act of 1940 ("1940 Act"). A BDC is a specialized type of investment company under the 1940 Act. The Company operates as an internally managed investment company whereby its officers and employees, under the general supervision of its Board of Directors, conduct its operations. The Company elected to become a BDC on July 26, 1995, after receiving the necessary approvals. From September 30, 1992 until the election of BDC status, the Company operated as a closed-end, non-diversified, investment company under the 1940 Act. Upon commencement of operations as an investment company, the Company revalued all of its assets and liabilities at fair value as defined in the 1940 Act. Prior to such time, the Company was registered and filed under the reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 as an operating company and, while an operating company, operated directly and through subsidiaries. Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. ("Enterprises") is a 100 percent wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Enterprises holds the lease for the office space, which it subleases to the Company and an unaffiliated party; operates a financial relations and consulting firm; is a partner in Harris Partners I, L.P. and is taxed as a C corporation. Harris Partners I, L.P. is a limited partnership and owns a 20 percent limited partnership interest in PHZ Capital Partners L.P. The partners of Harris Partners I, L.P. are Enterprises (sole general partner) and Harris & Harris Group, Inc. (sole limited partner). The Company filed for 1999 to elect treatment as a Regulated Investment Company ("RIC") under Sub-Chapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code") and qualified for the same treatment for 2000 and 2001. There can be no assurance that the Company will qualify as a RIC in subsequent years or that if it does qualify, it will continue to qualify for subsequent years. In addition, even if the Company were to qualify as a RIC for a given year, the Company might take action in a subsequent year to ensure that it would be taxed in that subsequent year as a C Corporation, rather than as a RIC. As a RIC, the Company must, among other things, distribute at least 90 percent of its taxable net income and may either distribute or retain its realized net capital gains on investments. NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements: Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for investment companies and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include money market instruments with maturities of less than three months. 41 Portfolio Investment Valuations. Investments are stated at "fair value" as defined in the 1940 Act and in the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. All assets are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by, or under the direction of, the Board of Directors. (See "Asset Valuation Policy Guidelines" in the "Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments.") Securities Transactions. Securities transactions are accounted for on the date the securities are purchased or sold (trade date); dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date; and interest income is accrued as earned. Realized gains and losses on investment transactions are determined on specific identification for financial reporting and tax reporting. Income Taxes. Prior to January 1, 1999, the Company recorded income taxes using the liability method in accordance with the provision of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109. Accordingly, deferred tax liabilities had been established to reflect temporary differences between the recognition of income and expenses for financial reporting and tax purposes, the most significant difference of which relates to the Company's unrealized appreciation on investments. The December 31, 2001 consolidated financial statements include a provision for deferred taxes on the remaining net built-in gains as of December 31, 1998, net of the unutilized operating and capital loss carryforwards incurred by the Company through December 31, 1998. These statements also reflect a tax liability on realized net long-term capital gains which the Company intends to retain for liquidity and to fund investment opportunities, rather than distribute to shareholders as a cash distribution. Accordingly, the Company declared a designated undistributed capital gain dividend for the year. (See "Note 6 Income Taxes" and Item 2. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation -- Recent Developments -- Sub-Chapter M Status.") The Company pays federal, state and local income taxes on behalf of its wholly owned subsidiary, Harris & Harris Enterprises, which is a C corporation. (See "Note 6 Income Taxes.") Reclassifications. Certain reclassifications have been made to the December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1999 financial statements to conform to the December 31, 2000 presentation. Estimates by Management. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the three years ended December 31, 2001. Actual results could differ from these estimates. NOTE 3. EMPLOYEE PROFIT SHARING PLAN On August 3, 1989, the shareholders of the Company approved the 1988 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan. The Company's 1988 Plan was cancelled as of December 31, 1997, canceling all outstanding stock options and eliminating all potential stock option grants. As a substitution for the 1988 Stock Option Plan, the Company adopted an employee profit-sharing plan. As of January 1, 1998, the Company began implementing the Harris & Harris Group, Inc. Employee Profit Sharing Plan (the "1998 Plan") that provides for profit sharing equal to 20 percent of the net realized income of the Company as reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for such year, less the nonqualifying gain, if any. The 1998 Plan was terminated by the Company as of December 31, 1999, subject to the payment of any amounts owed on the 1999 realized gains under the 1998 Plan. 42 In March 2000, the Company paid out, under the 1998 Plan, 90 percent of the profit sharing in the amount of $1,024,696 on the 1999 realized gains; the remaining 10 percent or $113,855 was paid out in September 2000, upon the completion and filing of the Company's 1999 federal tax return. As of January 1, 2000, the Company implemented the Harris & Harris Group, Inc. Employee Profit-Sharing Plan (the "Plan") that provides for profit sharing equal to 20 percent of the net realized income of the Company as reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Operations of the Company for such year, less the nonqualifying gain, if any. Under the Plan, net realized income of the Company includes investment income, realized gains and losses, and operating expenses (including taxes paid or payable by the Company), but is calculated without regard to dividends paid or distributions made to shareholders, payments under the Plan, unrealized gains and losses, and loss carry-overs from other years ("Qualifying Income"). The portion of net after-tax realized gains attributable to asset values as of September 30, 1997 is considered non-qualifying gain, which reduces Qualifying Income. As soon as practicable following the year-end audit, the Board of Directors will determine whether, and if so how much, Qualifying Income exists for a plan year, and 90 percent of the Qualifying Income will be paid out to Plan participants pursuant to the distribution percentages set forth in the Plan. The remaining 10 percent will be paid out after the Company has filed its federal tax return for that year in which Qualifying Income exists. Currently, the distribution amounts for each officer and employee are as follows: Charles E. Harris, 13.790 percent; Mel P. Melsheimer, 4.233 percent; Helene B. Shavin, 1.524 percent; and Jacqueline M. Matthews, 0.453 percent. If a participant leaves the Company for other than cause, the amount earned will be accrued and may subsequently be paid to such participant. Notwithstanding any provisions of the Plan, in no event may the aggregate amount of all awards payable for any Plan year during which the Company remains a "business development company" within the meaning of 1940 Act be greater than 20 percent of the Company's "net income after taxes" within the meaning of Section 57(n)(1)(B) of the 1940 Act. In the event the awards exceed such amount, the awards will be reduced pro rata. The Plan may be modified, amended or terminated by the Company's Board of Directors at any time with the stipulation that no such modification, amendment or termination may adversely affect any participant that has not consented to such modification, amendment or termination. Nothing in this Plan shall preclude the Committee from, for any Plan Year subsequent to the current Plan Year, naming additional Participants in the Plan or changing the Award Percentage of any Full Participant or New Participant (subject to the overall percentage limitations contained herein). The Company calculates the Plan accrual at each quarter end based on the realized and unrealized gains at that date, net of operating expenses and income taxes for the year. Any adjustments to the Plan accrual are then reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for that quarter. The Plan accrual is not paid out until the gains are realized. During 2000, the Company, as a result of a net decrease in the unrealized appreciation, decreased the profit-sharing accrual by $4,812,675 and paid out the 1999 profit sharing in the amount of $1,138,551, which decreased the cumulative accrual under the Plan to $3,483,241 at December 31, 2000. The amounts payable under the Plan of $2,320,939 for the gains realized during the year ended December 31, 2000 were paid out as follows: 90 percent in February 2001; the remaining 10 percent upon the completion and filing of the Company's 2000 federal tax return. Additionally, during 2001, the Company decreased the profit-sharing accrual by $984,021, bringing the cumulative accrual under the Plan to $178,282 at December 31, 2001. 43 On April 26, 2000, the shareholders of the Company approved the performance goals under the Plan in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code. The Code generally provides that a public company such as the Company may not deduct compensation paid to its chief executive officer or to any of its four most highly compensated officers to the extent that the compensation paid to any such officer/employee exceeds $1 million in any tax year, unless the payment is made upon the attainment of objective performance goals that are approved by the Company's shareholders. NOTE 4. CAPITAL TRANSACTIONS In 1998, the Board of Directors approved that, effective January 1, 1998, 50 percent of all Directors' fees be used to purchase Company common stock from the Company. However, effective March 1, 1999, the directors may purchase the Company's common stock in the open market, rather than from the Company. During 1999, the Directors bought directly from the Company 5,816 shares. On July 14, 1999, the Board of Directors announced a tender offer to purchase up to 1,100,000 shares of its common stock for cash at a price equal to $1.63 per share. A total of 1,080,569 shares were tendered for a total cost, including related expenses of approximately $71,500, of $1,832,831. Of these shares, 1,075,269 were tendered by one shareholder, which tendered all of its holdings. On January 27, 2000, the Company placed privately, with an unaffiliated investor, for $3 million in cash, a one-year, 12 percent note with one-year warrants to purchase 25,263 shares of the Company's common stock at $11.8750 per share. Unless the note was prepaid, six months after its issuance, the investor would have received additional one-year warrants to purchase an additional $300,000 worth of the Company's common stock at the then-current market price. During March 2000, with part of the proceeds from the sale of SciQuest.com stock, the Company prepaid the Note. The Company incurred total interest costs of $146,141: $36,500 in interest paid on the note and $109,641 on warrants. The warrants expired unexercised. On October 12, 2000, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had authorized a repurchase program in the open market of up to $2 million of the Company's stock, at the discretion of management. As of December 31, 2001, the Company had repurchased a total of 376,600 shares in the open market, at approximately $2.30 per share, for a total of $868,051. Since 1998, the Company has repurchased a total of 1,859,047 of its shares for a total of $3,496,388, including commissions and expenses, at an average price of $1.88 per share. These treasury shares were reduced by the purchases made by the Directors. On December 14, 2000, the Company declared a deemed dividend of $1.78 per share for a total of $16,253,987, and in 2001, the Company paid federal income taxes on behalf of shareholders of $0.62 per share for a total of $5,688,896. The Company paid the tax at the corporate rate on the distribution, and the shareholders received a tax credit equal to their proportionate share of the tax paid. On January 22, 2002, the Company declared a deemed dividend of $0.0875 per share for a total of $775,620, and in 2002 the Company paid federal income taxes on behalf of shareholders of $0.030625 per share for a total of $271,467. The Company paid the tax at the corporate rate on the distribution, and the shareholders received a tax credit equal to their proportionate share of the tax paid. The net of the total deemed dividends declared in 2000 ($16,253,987) and 2001 ($775,620) and the taxes paid on behalf of shareholders in 2000 ($5,688,896) and 2001 ($271,467) is considered to be reinvested by the shareholders; therefore, during 2000 and 2001, additional paid in capital has increased by $10,565,091 and $504,153, respectively. 44 The tax character of the 2001 deemed dividend is long-term capital gain. As of December 31, 2001, there are no distributable earnings. The difference between the book basis and tax basis components of distributable earnings is attributed to Built-In Gains generated at the time of the Company's qualification as a RIC (see Note 6. "Income Taxes") and after tax earnings that are not required to be distributed. NOTE 5. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS On October 19, 1999, Charles E. Harris signed an Employment Agreement with the Company (disclosed in a Form 8-K filed on October 27, 1999) (the "Employment Agreement"), which superseded an employment agreement that was about to expire on December 31, 1999. The Employment Agreement shall terminate on December 31, 2004 ("Term") subject to either an earlier termination or an extension in accordance with the terms; on January 1, 2000 and on each day thereafter, the Term extends automatically by one day unless at any time the Company or Mr. Harris, by written notice, decides not to extend the Term, in which case the Term will expire five years from the date of the written notice. During the period of employment, Mr. Harris shall serve as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company; be responsible for the general management of the affairs of the Company and all its subsidiaries, reporting directly to the Board of Directors of the Company; serve as a member of the Board for the period of which he is and shall from time to time be elected or reelected; and serve, if elected, as President of the Company and as an officer and director of any subsidiary or affiliate of the Company. Mr. Harris is to receive compensation under his Employment Agreement in the form of base salary of $208,315 for 2000, with automatic yearly adjustments to reflect inflation. In addition, the Board may increase such salary, and consequently decrease it, but not below the level provided for by the automatic adjustments described above. Mr. Harris is also entitled to participate in the Company's Profit-Sharing Plan as well as in all compensation or employee benefit plans or programs, and to receive all benefits, perquisites, and emoluments for which salaried employees are eligible. Under the Employment Agreement, the Company is to furnish Mr. Harris with certain perquisites which include a company car, membership in certain clubs and up to a $5,000 annual reimbursement for personal, financial or tax advice. The Employment Agreement provides Mr. Harris with life insurance for the benefit of his designated beneficiaries in the amount of $2,000,000; provides reimbursement for uninsured medical expenses, not to exceed $10,000 per annum, adjusted for inflation, over the period of the contract; provides Mr. Harris and his spouse with long-term care insurance; and disability insurance in the amount of 100 percent of his base salary. These benefits are for the term of the Employment Agreement. The Employment Agreement provides for the Company to adopt a supplemental executive retirement plan (the "SERP") for the benefit of Mr. Harris. Under the SERP, the Company will cause an amount equal to one-twelfth of the Mr. Harris's current base salary to be credited each month (a "Monthly Credit") to a special account maintained for this purpose on the books of the Company for the benefit of Mr. Harris (the "SERP Account"). The amounts credited to the SERP Account will be deemed invested or reinvested in such mutual funds or U.S. Government securities as determined by Mr. Harris. The SERP Account will be credited and debited to reflect the deemed investment returns, losses and expenses attributed to such deemed investments and reinvestments. Mr. Harris' benefit under the SERP will equal the balance in the SERP Account and such benefit will always be 100 percent vested (i.e., not forfeitable). Mr. Harris will determine the form and timing of the distribution of the balance in the SERP Account; provided, however, in the event of the termination, the balance in the SERP Account will be distributed to Mr. Harris or his beneficiary, as the case may be, in a lump-sum payment within 30 days of such termination. The Company will establish a rabbi trust for the purpose of accumulating funds to satisfy the obligations incurred by the Company under the SERP. The 45 restricted funds for the SERP Plan total $482,020 as of December 31, 2001. Mr. Harris' rights to benefits pursuant to this SERP will be no greater than those of a general creditor of the Company. The Employment Agreement provides severance pay in the event of termination without cause or by constructive discharge and also provides for certain death benefits payable to the surviving spouse equal to the executive's base salary for a period of two years. In addition, Mr. Harris is entitled to receive severance pay pursuant to the severance compensation agreement that he entered into with the Company, effective August 15, 1990. The severance compensation agreement provides that if, following a change in control of the Company, as defined in the agreement, such individual's employment is terminated by the Company without cause or by the executive within one year of such change in control, the individual shall be entitled to receive compensation in a lump sum payment equal to 2.99 times the individual's average annualized compensation and payment of other welfare benefits. If Mr. Harris' termination is without cause or is a constructive discharge, the amount payable under the Employment Agreement will be reduced by the amounts paid pursuant to the severance compensation agreement. As of January 1, 1989, the Company adopted an employee benefits program covering substantially all employees of the Company under a 401(k) Plan and Trust Agreement. As of January 1, 1999, the Company adopted the Harris & Harris Pension Plan and Trust, a money purchase plan which would allow the Company to stay compliant with the 401(k) top-heavy regulations and deduction limitation regulations. In 2001, Congress enacted the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 which has increased the deduction limits for plans such as the 401(k) Plan. This Act eliminates the need for the Company to maintain two separate plans. Effective December 31, 2001, the Pension Plan merged into the 401(k) Plan, with the 401(k) Plan being the surviving plan. Contributions to the plan are at the discretion of the Company. During 2001, contributions to the plan that have been charged to salaries and benefits totaled approximately $40,000. On June 30, 1994, the Company adopted a plan to provide medical and health insurance for retirees, their spouses and dependents who, at the time of their retirement, have ten years of service with the Company and have attained 50 years of age or have attained 45 years of age and have 15 years of service with the Company. On February 10, 1997, the Company amended this plan to include employees who "have seven full years of service and have attained 58 years of age." The coverage is secondary to any government provided or subsequent employer provided health insurance plans. Based upon actuarial estimates, the Company provided an original reserve of $176,520 that was charged to operations for the period ending June 30, 1994. As of December 31, 2001 the Company had a reserve of $385,935 for the plan. NOTE 6. INCOME TAXES On September 25, 1997, the Company's Board of Directors approved a proposal to seek qualification as a RIC under Sub- Chapter M of the Code. As a RIC, the Company annually must distribute at least 90 percent of its investment company taxable income as a dividend and may either distribute or retain its realized net capital gains from investments. To initially qualify as a RIC, among other requirements, the Company had to pay a dividend to shareholders equal to the Company's cumulative realized earnings and profits ("E&P"). On April 9, 1998, the Company declared a one-time cash dividend of $0.75 per share to meet this requirement (for a total of $8,019,728). The cash dividend was paid on May 12, 1998. The Company elected Sub-Chapter M status for the year ended December 31, 1999. On February 23, 1999, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.35 per share (for a total of $3,647,017), thereby distributing part of the long-term capital gain generated in 1999 by the sale of NBX Corporation to 3Com Corporation. Approximately $143,261 of the long-term capital gain for 1999 was 46 not distributed during 1999. Accordingly, on September 20, 2000, the Company declared a $0.02 dividend (for a total of $184,817). For the year ended December 31, 1999, the Company incurred approximately $20,000 in excise taxes. A corporation that elects to qualify as a RIC continues to be taxable as a C Corporation on any gains realized within 10 years of its qualification as a RIC from sales of assets that were held by the corporation on the effective date of the election ("C Corporation Assets") to the extent of any gain built into the assets on such date ("Built-In Gain"). The Company had Built-In Gains at the time of its qualification as a RIC. Prior to 1999, the Company incurred ordinary and capital losses from its operations. After the Company's election of RIC status, those losses remained available to be carried forward to subsequent taxable years. Recently issued Internal Revenue Service regulations (issued in temporary and proposed form) confirm that such losses may be used to offset realized Built-In Gains and, to the extent so used, to eliminate C Corporation taxation of such gains. Notwithstanding any such offset, however, the new regulations also provide that all realized Built-In Gains (calculated without regard to the offset, but net of any C Corporation tax imposed on the Built-In Gains after application of the offset) must be included in calculating a RIC's investment company taxable income or net capital gains, as the case may be, and therefore appear to require that such Built- In Gains must be distributed to avoid Sub-Chapter M taxation of such investment company taxable income or net capital gains (and, in the case of any Built-In Gains that are includible in investment company taxable income, possible loss of RIC status). The Company has previously used loss carryforwards to offset Built-In Gains. As of January 1, 2002, the Company had $501,640 of loss carryforwards remaining and $4,663,457 of unrealized Built-In Gains. Continued qualification as a RIC requires the Company to satisfy certain portfolio diversification requirements in future years. The Company's ability to satisfy those requirements may not be controllable by the Company. (See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation -- Sub-Chapter M Status.") There can be no assurance that the Company will qualify as a RIC in subsequent years. To the extent that the Company retains capital gains, and declares a deemed dividend to shareholders, the dividend is taxable to the shareholders. The Company would pay tax, at the corporate rate, on the distribution, and the shareholders would receive a tax credit equal to their proportionate share of the tax paid. The Company took advantage of this rule for 2000 and 2001. Accordingly, the Company's financial statements for 2000 and 2001 include a tax liability of $5,709,884 and $290,748, respectively. The taxes paid by the Company's shareholders as a result of its deemed dividend declaration for 2000 ($5,688,896) and 2001 ($271,467) are reflected as a deduction to the additional paid-in capital in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Assets and Liabilities rather than an expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company also realized short-term capital gains of approximately $2,111,865 in 2000, primarily on sales of shares of Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp. The Company offset the realized short-term gain with 2000 expenses and neither owed federal income taxes on the gain nor was required to distribute any portion of this gain to shareholders. For the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, the Company's income tax (benefit) expense was allocated as follows: 2001 2000 1999 Investment operations $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Realized loss on investments 118,415 101,435 2,361,044 Decrease in unrealized appreciation on investments (90,464) (153,304) (1,627,074) ---------- --------- ----------- Total income tax (benefit) expense $ 27,951 $ (51,869) $ 733,970 ========= ========= =========== 47 The above tax (benefit) expense consists of the following: 2001 2000 1999 Current $ 118,415 $ 101,435 $2,361,044 Deferred -- Federal (90,464) (153,304) (1,627,074) ---------- ---------- ---------- Total income tax (benefit) expense $ 27,951 $ (51,869) $ 733,970 ========== ========== ========== The Company's net deferred tax liability at December 31, 2001 and 2000 consists of the following: 2001 2000 Unrealized appreciation on investments $1,540,044 $1,630,506 Net operating and capital loss carryforward (175,574) (266,036) ---------- ---------- Net deferred income tax liability $1,364,470 $1,364,470 ========== ========== NOTE 7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES During 1993, the Company signed a ten-year lease with sublet provisions for office space. In 1995, this lease was amended to include additional office space. During 1999, the Company sublet this additional space to an unaffiliated party. Rent expense under this lease for the year ended December 31, 2001 was $178,561. Future minimum lease payments in each of the following years are: 2002 -- $178,561; 2003 -- $101,946. The Company had a total of $1,475,276 of funds in escrow as of December 31, 1999 as a result of the sale of NBX Corporation to 3Com Corporation. These funds were in a one-year interest- bearing escrow account for the benefit of the Company, subject to any 3Com Corporation warranty claims associated with its acquisition of NBX Corporation. The Company set up a reserve of 10 percent for any potential claims, therefore the funds in escrow reflected $1,327,748 net of the reserve of $147,528. The Company received the full escrow monies including interest of $65,860 for a total of $1,541,136 on March 6, 2000, and accordingly realized the $147,528 in 2000. NOTE 8. ASSET ACCOUNT LINE OF CREDIT On November 19, 2001, the Company established an asset account line of credit of up to $12,700,000. The asset account line of credit is secured by the Company's government agency securities. Under the asset account line of credit, the Company may borrow up to 95 percent of the current value of its government agency securities. The Company's outstanding balance under the asset line of credit at December 31, 2001 was $12,495,777. The asset line of credit bears interest at a rate of the Broker Call Rate plus 50 basis points. On January 3, 2002, the Company repaid the entire outstanding balance under the asset line of credit. NOTE 9. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS On January 3, 2002, the Company paid the balance due on the credit line of $12,495,777. On January 29, 2002, the Company invested an additional $100,000 in Series B preferred stock of Experion Systems, Inc. On February 12, 2002, the Company announced that it had purchased for $700,000 a Series A preferred stock which represented an approximate 15 percent fully diluted equity interest in Nanopharma Corp. Nanopharma is a privately held company spun off from Massachusetts General Hospital. 48 Nanopharma, which is based in Massachusetts, is a research company founded to develop advanced drug delivery systems based on patented technology. On February 20, 2002, Schwoo, Inc. filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The Company wrote off its investment in Schwoo in 2001. On March 7, 2002, the Company invested approximately $625,000 in Series A-1 preferred stock of a privately held company engaged in the production of nanoscale components based on patented technolgoy. Under certain conditions, the Company will be obligated to invest an additional $375,000 in the Series A-1 preferred. On March 8, 2002, the Company invested $1,000,000 in Series D preferred stock of privately held NEO Photonics Corporation. NEO Photonics has developed patented technology that enables the manufacture of unique nanoscale optical compositions for the telecommunications industry. On March 8, 2002, the Company announced that its Board of Directors has expanded its size from eight to nine and has elected Kelly S. Kirkpatrick, a consulting materials scientist, as a member of its board of directors. On March 22, 2002, the Company announced that its Board of Directors has expanded its size from nine to ten and has elected Lori D. Pressman, a business consultant, as a member of its board of directors. 49
SELECTED PER SHARE DATA AND RATIOS Per share operating performance: Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended December December December December December 31,2001 31, 2000 31, 1999 31, 1998 31, 1997 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Net asset value, beginning of period $ 3.51 $ 5.80 $ 2.13 $ 3.15 $ 3.44 Net operating income (loss) (0.06) 0.37 (1.04) (0.26) (0.14) Net realized gain (loss) on investments 0.14 2.09 0.93 (0.16) (0.19) Net (decrease) increase in unrealized appreciation as a result of sales 0.45 (2.35) (0.46) 0.11 (0.17) Net decrease (increase) in unrealized appreciation on investments held (1.30) (1.82) 4.58 0.05 0.26 Net decrease as a result of cash dividend 0.00 (0.02) (0.35) (0.75) 0.0 Net decrease as a result of deemed dividend (0.03) (0.62) 0.00 0.00 0.00 Net increase (decrease) from capital stock transactions 0.04 0.06 0.01 (0.01) (0.05) ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- Net asset value, end of period* $ 2.75 $ 3.51 $ 5.80 $ 2.13 $ 3.15 ========== =========== =========== =========== =========== Cash dividends paid per share $ 0.00 $ 0.02 $ 0.35 $ 0.75 $ 0.00 Deemed dividend per share $ 0.0875 $ 1.78 $ 0.00 $ 0.00 $ 0.00 Market value per share, end of period $ 1.90 $ 2.4375 $ 11.50 $ 1.50 $ 3.50 Total income tax liability per share $ 0.18 $ 0.78 $ 0.16 $ 0.09 $ 0.06 Ratio of expenses to average net assets 3.45% (6.21)% 34.08% 10.9% 9.1% Ratio of net operating gain (loss) to average net assets (1.75)% 52.7% (3.50)% (10.4)% (4.5)% Investment return based on: Stock price (22.1)% (78.8)% 666.7% (45.5)% (6.7)% Net asset value (21.7)% (39.5)% 188.7% (8.3)% (8.4)% Portfolio turnover 9.00% 20.56% 53.54% 19.71% 77.2% Net assets, end of period $24,334,770 $31,833,475 $53,634,805 $22,556,709 $33,654,934 Number of shares outstanding 8,864,231 9,064,231 9,240,831 10,591,232 10,692,971
*Reflects the decline in net asset value as a result of the $0.02 dividend paid in 2000, the $0.35 dividend paid in 1999 and the $0.75 dividend paid in 1998. The accompanying notes are an integral part of this schedule. 50 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure On February 26, 2002, the Company appointed the accounting firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as independent public accountants for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2002. Arthur Andersen LLP will be dismissed effective upon completion of the December 31, 2001 audit. The decision to change accountants was approved by the Company's Audit Committee and is subject to ratification by its stockholders. In connection with its audits for the two most recent fiscal years, (1) there were no disagreements with Arthur Andersen on any matter of accounting principle or practice, financial statement disclosure, auditing scope or procedure, whereby such disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Arthur Andersen, would have caused them to make reference thereto in their report on the financial statements for such years; and (2) there have been no reportable events (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K). The reports of Arthur Andersen on the financial statements of the Company for the past two years contained no adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principle. The Company has not consulted with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP during the last two years or subsequent interim periods on either the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction either completed or proposed or the type of audit opinion PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP might issue on the Company's financial statements. The Company requested that Arthur Andersen furnish a letter addressed to the Securities and Exchange Commission stating whether or not Arthur Andersen agrees with the above statements. A copy of such letter to the SEC, dated March 1, 2002, was filed as Exhibit 16.1 to the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2002. PART III Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Company Executive Officers Set forth below is certain information with respect to the executive officers of the Company: Charles E. Harris, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. For additional information about Mr. Harris, please see the Directors' biographical information section. 51 Mel P. Melsheimer, age 62, has served as President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer since February 1997, Chief Compliance Officer since February 2001 and Treasurer since July 2001. Previously, Harris & Harris Group utilized Mr. Melsheimer as a nearly full-time consultant or officer of a portfolio company since March 1994. Mr. Melsheimer has had extensive entrepreneurial experience as well as senior operational and financial management responsibilities with publicly and privately owned companies. From November 1992 to February 1994, he served as Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer and Secretary of Dairy Holdings, Inc. From June 1991 to August 1992, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Land-O-Sun Dairies as well as Executive Vice President of Finevest Foods, Inc. From March 1989 to May 1991, he served as Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Finevest Foods, Inc. From January 1984 to February 1989, he served as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Founder of PHX Pacific, Inc. and from August 1987 to February 1989 President, Chief Executive Officer and Founder of MPM Capital Corp. From January 1981 to December 1983, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of AZL Resources. From November 1975 to December 1980, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of AZL Resources. From January 1968 to November 1975, he served in a financial capacity before becoming Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Pepsi-Cola Company, PepsiCo, Inc., in 1972. He was graduated from the University of Southern California (MBA) and Occidental College (B.A.). Helene B. Shavin, age 48, has served as Vice President and Controller since November 2001. From 1986 to 2000, Ms. Shavin was employed at Citicorp Venture Capital Ltd. She was a Vice President at Citicorp Venture Capital from 1999 to 2000. From 1984 to 1986, she was employed by KPMG Peat Marwick as a Senior Accountant. Ms. Shavin was graduated from Queens College (B.A.) and Baruch College (MBA) and is a certified public accountant. Susan T. Harris, 57, has been employed by Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. since July 1999, working primarily in financial public relations. Since July 2001, she has served as its Secretary and Treasurer. Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Harris & Harris Group, Inc. engaged in financial services. Also since July 2001, Ms. Harris has served as Secretary of Harris & Harris Group, Inc. She has been an investor relations consultant since 1972, operating as a sole proprietor prior to 1999. From 1966 to 1972, she was a securities analyst with several securities firms, including Eastman Dillion, Union Securities, Inc., where she was Vice President and Senior Consumer Products Analyst. She was graduated from Wellesley College with a B.A. in economics. Ms. Harris's husband serves as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires the Company's officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10 percent of the Company's common stock, to file reports (including a year-end report) of ownership 52 and changes in ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and to furnish the Company with copies of all reports filed. Based solely on a review of the forms furnished to the Company, or written representations from certain reporting persons, the Company believes that all persons who were subject to Section 16(a) in 2001 complied with the filing requirements. Directors Independent Directors Dr. C. Wayne Bardin, age 67, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in 1994. He is currently President of Thyreos Corp., a privately held, start-up pharmaceutical company. From 1978 through 1996, Dr. Bardin was Vice President of The Population Council. His recent professional appointments have included: Professor of Medicine, Chief of the Division of Endocrinology, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center of Pennsylvania State University; and Senior Investigator, Endocrinology Branch, National Cancer Institute. Dr. Bardin also serves as a consultant to several pharmaceutical companies. He has directed basic and clinical research leading to over 500 publications and patents. He has negotiated 15 licensing and manufacturing agreements. He has directed clinical R&D under 18 investigational new drug applications filed with the U.S. FDA. Dr. Bardin has been appointed to the editorial boards of 15 journals. He has also served on national and international committees and boards for National Institute of Health, World Health Organization, The Ford Foundation, and numerous scientific societies. Dr. Bardin received a B.A. from Rice University; an M.S. and M.D. from Baylor University and a Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Caen, the University of Paris, and the University of Helsinki. Dr. Phillip A. Bauman, age 46, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in 1998. Dr. Bauman is an orthopedic surgeon who is in practice in New York City and has held an academic appointment at Columbia University since 1988. He is a principal and Vice President of Orthopedic Associates of New York since 1994. He holds bachelor's and master's degrees in biology from Harvard University and a medical degree from Columbia University. Dr. Bauman was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons in 1991, is affiliated with the New York Academy of Medicine and is on the advisory board of a medical research foundation. G. Morgan Browne, age 67, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in 1992. Since January 1, 2001, Mr. Browne has been the Chief Financial Officer and from 1985-2000 was the Administrative Director of the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, a private not-for-profit institution that conducts research and education programs in the fields of molecular biology and genetics. In prior years, he was active in the management of numerous scientifically based companies as an officer, as an individual consultant and as an associate of Laurent Oppenheim Associates, Industrial Management Consultants. He is a director of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (a publicly held company principally engaged in drug discovery based on gene transcription), a founding director of the New York 53 Biotechnology Association, and a founding director of the Long Island Research Institute. He is a graduate of Yale University and attended New York University Graduate School of Business. Harry E. Ekblom, age 74, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in 1984. Mr. Ekblom is an investor. He is former Chairman and CEO of European American Bank and former Vice Chairman of A.T. Hudson & Co. Inc. He is a graduate of Columbia College and the New York University School of Law, a member of the New York Bar, and holds honorary degrees from Hofstra University and Pace University. Dugald A. Fletcher, age 72, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in 1996. Mr. Fletcher has been President of Fletcher & Company, Inc., a management consulting firm, for the past five years. He was also Chairman of Binnings Building Products Company, Inc. until the end of 1997, and is a Trustee of the Gabelli Growth Fund and a Director of the Gabelli Convertible Securities Fund. His previous business appointments include: advisor to Gabelli/Rosenthal LP, a leveraged buyout fund; Chairman of Keller Industries (building and consumer products); Director of and investor in Mid-Atlantic Coca-Cola Bottling Company; Senior Vice President of Booz-Allen & Hamilton and President of Booz-Allen Acquisition Services; Executive Vice President and a Director of Paine Webber, Inc.; and President of Baker, Weeks and Co., Inc., a New York Stock Exchange member firm. He is a graduate of Harvard College and of Harvard Business School. Kelly S. Kirkpatrick, age 35, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in March 2002. Ms. Kirkpatrick is a consulting materials scientist. From 2000 to 2002, she served in the Office of the Executive Vice Provost of Columbia University as Director, Columbia Nanotechnology Initiative and Director for Research and Technology Initiatives. From 1998 to 2000, she served in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy as a Senior Policy Analyst, where her responsibilities for the National Nanotechnology Initiative included managing representatives from six federal agencies in strategies research and development plan, implementation plan and a $495 million budget, organizing the Presidential review panel and co-writing the panel report. From 1997 to 1998, she was a Science Policy Coordinator for Sandia National Laboratories. From 1995 to 1996, she served in the Office of Senator Joseph J. Lieberman as Legislative Assistant, Congressional Science and Engineering Fellow. She is a graduate of the University of Richmond and received her Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from Northwestern University. Glenn E. Mayer, age 76, has been a director of the Company since 1981. In May 2001, Mr. Mayer re-joined Jesup & Lamont Securities Corporation as Senior Vice President. From December 1991 until May 2001, Mr. Mayer was a Senior Vice President of Reich & Company, a division of Fahnestock & Company, Inc., a member firm of the New York Stock Exchange. For 15 years prior to that, he was employed by Jesup & Lamont Securities Co. and its successor firms, in the Corporate Finance department. Mr. Mayer is a graduate of Indiana University. 54 Lori D. Pressman, age 44, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in March 2002. Ms. Pressman, a self-employed business consultant, provides advisory services to start-ups and venture capital companies. Among other projects for Harris & Harris Group, she has served as a consultant to the Company in its due diligence work on Nantero, Inc., Nanopharma Corp. and NEO Photonics Corporation. From September 1989 to July 2000, she was employed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the Technology Licensing Office, serving as Technology Licensing Officer from 1989 to 1995 and Assistant Director from 1996 to 2000. From September 1984 to September 1989, she was Senior Development Engineer at Lasertron, Inc. From November 1983 to September 1984, she was employed by the American Lung Association. From 1980 to 1982, she was a Member of Solid State Materials Research Laboratory at Bell Laboratories. She is Chair of the Survey Statistics and Metrics Committee of the Association of University Technology Managers for which she edited the recent report on Academic Technology Transfer of 190 U.S. and Canadian Institutions. Ms. Pressman was graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Physics (S.B.), and the Columbia School of Engineering (MSEE). James E. Roberts, age 56, was elected to the Company's Board of Directors in 1995. Since October 1999, Mr. Roberts has been Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Insurance Corporation of New York, Dakota Specialty Insurance Company, and ReCor Insurance Company Inc., all of which are members of Trenwick Group, Ltd. In addition, since March 2000, Mr. Roberts has been Chairman of and Chief Executive Officer of Chartwell Insurance Company, also a member of Trenwick Group, Ltd. From October 1999 to March 2000, he served as Vice Chairman of Chartwell Reinsurance Company. Prior to assuming his present positions, Mr. Roberts was Vice Chairman of Trenwick America Reinsurance Corporation from May 1995 to March 2000. Mr. Roberts is a graduate of Cornell University. Interested Director Charles E. Harris, age 59, has been a director of the Company and Chairman of its Board of Directors since April 1984. He has served as Chief Executive Officer of the Company since July 1984. He has served as a director, trustee, control person, chairman and/or chief executive officer of various publicly and privately held corporations and not-for-profit institutions. Prior to 1984, he was Chairman of Wood, Struthers and Winthrop Management Corp., the investment advisory subsidiary of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. He was a member of the Advisory Panel for the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment. He is a member of the New York Society of Security Analysts. Among his eleemosynary activities, he is currently a Trustee of, and a member of the President's Council of, the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; a Trustee of the Nidus Center, a life sciences business incubator in St. Louis, Missouri; and a life- sustaining fellow of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a shareholder of its Entrepreneurship Center. He was graduated from Princeton University (A.B., 1964) and Columbia University Graduate School of Business (MBA, 1967). Mr. Harris is an "interested person" of the Company, as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as a beneficial owner of more than five percent of the Company's stock, as a control person and as an officer of the Company. In addition, Mr. Harris' wife 56 serves as the Company's Secretary and is employed by Harris & Harris Enterprises, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Set forth below is the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each director as of March 12, 2002. Dollar Range of Equity Name of Director Securities Beneficially Owned (1)(2) - --------------------- ------------------------------------ Dr. C. Wayne Bardin $10,001 - $50,000 Dr. Phillip A Bauman $10,001 - $50,000 G. Morgan Browne $10,001 - $50,000 Harry E. Ekblom $10,001 - $50,000 Dugald A. Fletcher $10,001 - $50,000 Glenn E. Mayer Over $100,000 James E. Roberts $10,001 - $50,000 Charles E. Harris (3) Over $100,000 (1) Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. (2) The dollar ranges are: None, $1-$10,000, $10,001-$50,000, $50,001-$100,000. (3) Denotes an individual who is an "interested person" as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940. Item 11. Executive Compensation Executive Compensation Summary Compensation Table The following table sets forth a summary for each of the last three years of the cash and non-cash compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the other executive officers of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2001. Annual Compensation -------------------------------- Name and Principal Other Annual All Other Position Year Salary Bonus Compensation Compensation ($) ($)(1) ($)(2) ($)(3) - ------------------ ---- ------ --------- ------------ ------------ Charles E. Harris 2001 215,510 0 48,453 232,000 Chairman, CEO (4) 2000 208,315 1,600,287 43,267 224,805 1999 202,980 785,031 40,674 63,422 Mel P. Melsheimer 2001 243,869 0 - - 10,500 President, COO, CFO, 2000 235,727 491,227 - - 10,500 Treasurer & Chief 1999 229,690 240,974 - - 10,000 Compliance Officer Helene B. Shavin 2001 13,333 - - - - 1,867 Controller Susan T. Harris 2001 12,376 - - - - 1,578 Secretary 56 (1) For 1999 and 2000, these amounts represent the actual amounts earned for the years ended December 31, 1999 and December 31, 2000 and paid out in 2000 and 2001, respectively. The Harris & Harris Group Employee Profit-Sharing Plan is described in Employee Benefits. (2) Other than Mr. Harris, amounts of "Other Annual Compensation" earned by the named executive officers for the periods presented did not meet the threshold reporting requirements. (3) Except for Mr. Harris, amounts reported represent the Company's contributions on behalf of the named executive to the Harris & Harris Group, Inc. 401(k) Plan described below. Mr. Harris's 2001 "All Other Compensation" consists of: $10,500 401(k) Plan employer contribution; $215,510 for his 2001 SERP contribution; and $5,990 in life insurance premiums for the benefit of his beneficiaries. (4) Mr. Harris has an employment agreement which is discussed below under "Employment Agreement." Employment Agreement On October 19, 1999, Charles E. Harris signed an Employment Agreement with the Company (the "Employment Agreement"), which superseded an employment agreement that was about to expire on December 31, 1999. The Employment Agreement expires on December 31, 2004 ("Term"); provided, on January 1, 2000 and on each day thereafter, the Term extends automatically by one day unless at any time the Company or Mr. Harris, by written notice, decides not to extend the Term, in which case the Term will expire five years from the date of the written notice. During the period of employment, Mr. Harris shall serve as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company; be responsible for the general management of the affairs of the Company and all its subsidiaries, reporting directly to the Board of Directors of the Company; serve as a member of the Board for the period of which he is and shall from time to time be elected or reelected; and serve, if elected, as President of the Company and as an officer and director of any subsidiary or affiliate of the Company. Mr. Harris is to receive compensation under his Employment Agreement in the form of base salary of $208,315 for 2000, with automatic yearly adjustments to reflect inflation. In addition, the Board may increase such salary, and consequently decrease it, but not below the level provided for by the automatic adjustments described above. Mr. Harris is also entitled to participate in the Company's Profit-Sharing Plan as well as in all compensation or employee benefit plans or programs, and to receive all benefits, perquisites, and emoluments for which salaried employees are eligible. Under the Employment Agreement, the Company is to furnish Mr. Harris with certain perquisites which include a company car, membership in certain clubs and up to a $5,000 annual reimbursement for personal, financial or tax advice. The Employment Agreement provides Mr. Harris with life insurance for the benefit of his designated beneficiaries in the amount of $2,000,000; provides reimbursement for uninsured medical expenses, not to exceed $10,000 per annum, adjusted for 57 inflation, over the period of the contract; provides Mr. Harris and spouse with long-term care insurance; and disability insurance in the amount of 100 percent of his base salary. These benefits are for the term of the contract. The Employment Agreement provides severance pay in the event of termination without cause or by constructive discharge as discussed below and also provides for certain death benefits payable to the surviving spouse equal to the executive's base salary for a period of two years. In addition, Mr. Harris is entitled to receive severance pay pursuant to the severance compensation agreement that he entered into with the Company, effective August 15, 1990. The severance compensation agreement provides that if, following a change in control of the Company, as defined in the agreement, such individual's employment is terminated by the Company without cause or by the executive within one year of such change in control, the individual shall be entitled to receive compensation in a lump sum payment equal to 2.99 times the individual's average annualized compensation and payment of other welfare benefits. If Mr. Harris's termination is without cause or is a constructive discharge, the amount payable under the Employment Agreement will be reduced by the amounts paid pursuant to the severance compensation agreement. SERP The Employment Agreement provides for the Company to adopt a supplemental executive retirement plan (the "SERP") for the benefit of Mr. Harris. Under the SERP, the Company will cause an amount equal to one-twelfth of Mr. Harris's current base salary to be credited each month (a "Monthly Credit") to a special account maintained for this purpose on the books of the Company for the benefit of Mr. Harris (the "SERP Account"). The amounts credited to the SERP Account will be deemed invested or reinvested in such mutual funds or U.S. Government securities as determined by Mr. Harris. The SERP Account will be credited and debited to reflect the deemed investment returns, losses and expenses attributed to such deemed investments and reinvestments. Mr. Harris's benefit under the SERP will equal the balance in the SERP Account and such benefit will always be 100 percent vested (i.e., not forfeitable). Mr. Harris will determine the form and timing of the distribution of the balance in the SERP Account; provided, however, in the event of the termination, the balance in the SERP Account will be distributed to Mr. Harris or his beneficiary, as the case may be, in a lump-sum payment within 30 days of such termination. The Company established a rabbi trust for the purpose of accumulating funds to satisfy the obligations incurred by the Company under the SERP. During 2001, the Company accrued $215,510 in accordance with this provision of the SERP increasing the cumulative accrual to $482,020 as of December 31, 2001. Mr. Harris's rights to benefits pursuant to this SERP will be no greater than those of a general creditor of the Company. 58 On April 26, 2000 the shareholders of the Company approved the performance goals under the Plan in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 ("Code"). The Code generally provides that a public company such as the Company may not deduct compensation paid to its chief executive officer or to any of its four most highly compensated officers to the extent that the compensation paid to any such officer/employee exceeds $1 million in any tax year, unless the payment is made upon the attainment of objective performance goals that are approved by the Company's shareholders. Compensation of Directors Pension Or Retirement Benefits Estimated Accrued Annual Total As Part Of Benefits Compensation Aggregate Company's Upon Paid To Name of Director Compensation Expenses Retirement Directors - ------------------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ------------ Dr. C. Wayne Bardin $13,000 - - - - $13,000 Dr. Phillip A. Bauman $11,000 - - - - $11,000 G. Morgan Browne $14,172 (1) - - - - $14,172 Harry E. Ekblom $12,875 (2) - - - - $12,875 Dugald A. Fletcher $14,000 - - - - $14,000 Glenn E. Mayer $11,000 - - - - $11,000 James E. Roberts $14,000 - - - - $14,000 (1) Includes $172 paid to Mr. Browne to reimburse him for travel expenses to attend Board meetings. (2) Includes $1,875 paid to Mr. Ekblom to reimburse him for travel expenses to attend Board meetings. Effective June 18, 1998, directors who were not officers of the Company received $1,000 for each meeting of the Board of Directors and $1,000 for each committee meeting they attended in addition to a monthly retainer of $500. Prior to June 18, 1998, the directors were paid $500 for Committee meetings and no monthly retainer. The Company also reimburses its directors for travel, lodging and related expenses they incur in attending Board and committee meetings. The total compensation and reimbursement for expenses paid to all directors in 2001 was $90,047. In 1998, the Board of Directors approved that effective January 1, 1998, 50 percent of all Director fees be used to purchase Company common stock from the Company. However, effective on March 1, 1999, the Directors began purchasing the Company's common stock in the open market, rather than from the Company. During 2000 and 2001, the Directors bought a total of 15,818 and 7,944 shares in the open market, respectively. 59 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management Security ownership of Directors and Executive Officers and other principal holders of the Company's voting securities The following table sets forth certain information with respect to beneficial ownership (as that term is defined in the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission) of the Company's common stock as of March 12, 2002 by (1) each person who is known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of the outstanding common stock, (2) each director of the Company, (3) each current executive officer listed in the Summary Compensation Table and (4) all directors and executive officers of the Company as a group. Except as otherwise indicated, to the Company's knowledge, all shares are beneficially owned and investment and voting power is held as stated by the persons named as owners. At this time, the Company is unaware of any shareholder owning five percent or more of the outstanding shares of common stock other than the ones noted below. Name and Address of Number of Shares Beneficial Owner of Common Stock Owned Percent of Class - ------------------------------ --------------------- ---------------- Charles E. and Susan T. Harris 791,919 (1) 8.93% One Rockefeller Plaza, Suite 1430 New York, NY 10020 Dr. C. Wayne Bardin 15,711 (2) * Dr. Phillip A. Bauman 16,686 (3) * G. Morgan Browne 25,629 * Harry E. Ekblom 13,542 * Dugald A. Fletcher 7,335 * Glenn E. Mayer 83,000 (4) * Mel P. Melsheimer 35,000 (5) * James E. Roberts 9,235 * Helene B. Shavin -- * All Directors and Executive Officers as a group (10 persons) 998,057 11.26% *Less than one percent of issued and outstanding stock. (1) Includes 783,419 shares for which Mrs. Harris has sole power to vote and dispose of; 8,500 shares for which Mr. Harris has sole power to vote and dispose of. (2) Includes 2,840 shares owned by Bardin LLC for the Bardin LLC Profit-Sharing Keogh. (3) Includes 5,637 shares owned by Ms. Milbry C. Polk, Dr. Bauman's wife; 100 shares owned by Adelaide Polk-Bauman, daughter; 100 shares owned by Milbry Polk-Bauman, daughter; 100 shares owned by Mary Polk-Bauman, daughter. Ms. Milbry C. Polk is the custodian for the accounts of the three children. (4) Includes 2,000 shares owned by Mrs. Mayer. (5) 10,000 shares are held jointly by Mel P. Melsheimer and his wife. 60 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions There were no relationships or transactions within the meaning of this item during the year ended December 31, 2001. 61 PART IV Item 14. Exhibits, Consolidated Financial Statements, Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K (a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report: (1) Listed below are the financial statements which are filed as part of this report: o Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2001 and 2000; o Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999; o Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999; o Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999; o Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2001; o Footnote to Consolidated Schedule of Investments; o Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements; and o Selected Per Share Data and Ratios for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997. (2) No financial statement schedules are required to be filed herewith because (i) such schedules are not required or (ii) the information has been presented in the above financial statements. (3) The following exhibits are filed with this report or are incorporated herein by reference to a prior filing, in accordance with Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 3.1(a) Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 (a) to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995. 3.1(b) Restated By-laws of the Company, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1(b) to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1998. 4.1 Specimen certificate of common stock certificate, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to Company's Registration Statement on Form N-2 filed October 29, 1992. 9.1 Harris & Harris Group, Inc. Custodian Agreement with JP Morgan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 9.1 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995. 63 10.1 Severance Compensation Agreement by and between the Company and Charles E. Harris dated August 15, 1990, incorporated by reference as exhibit 10 (s) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1990. 10.2 Form of Indemnification Agreement which has been established with all directors and executive officers of the Company, incorporated by reference as Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995. 10.3 Employment Agreement Between Harris & Harris Group, Inc. and Charles E. Harris, dated October 19, 1999, incorporated by reference as Exhibit (C) to the Company's Form 8-K filed on October 27, 1999. 10.4 Deferred Compensation Agreement Between Harris & Harris Group, Inc. and Charles E. Harris, incorporated by reference as Exhibit 10.19 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. 10.5 Trust Under Harris & Harris Group, Inc. Deferred Compensation Agreement, incorporated by reference as Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. 10.6 Harris & Harris Group, Inc. Employee Profit-Sharing Plan, incorporated by reference as Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. 10.7 Harris & Harris Group, Inc. Directors Stock Purchase Plan 2001. 11.0* Computation of Per Share Earnings is set forth under Item 8. 23* Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP. 99.1* Letter to SEC Regarding Arthur Andersen LLP (b) Reports on Form 8-K. None *Exhibits attached. 63 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. HARRIS & HARRIS GROUP, INC. Date: March 21, 2002 By:/s/ Charles E. Harris --------------------------- Charles E. Harris Chairman of the Board Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signatures Title Date /s/ Charles E. Harris Chairman of the Board March 21, 2002 - -------------------- and Chief Executive Officer Charles E. Harris /s/ Mel P. Melsheimer President, Chief Operating March 21, 2002 - --------------------- Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Mel P. Melsheimer Treasurer and Chief Compliance Officer /s/ Helene B. Shavin Vice President and Controller March 21, 2002 - -------------------- Helene B. Shavin /s/ C. Wayne Bardin Director March 21, 2002 - -------------------- C. Wayne Bardin /s/ Phillip A. Bauman Director March 21,2002 - --------------------- Phillip A. Bauman 64 /s/ G. Morgan Browne Director March 21, 2002 - --------------------- G. Morgan Browne /s/ Harry E. Ekblom Director March 21, 2002 - -------------------- Harry E. Ekblom /s/ Dugald A. Fletcher Director March 21, 2002 - ---------------------- Dugald A. Fletcher /s/ Glenn E. Mayer Director March 21, 2002 - ---------------------- Glenn E. Mayer /s/ James E. Roberts Director March 22, 2002 - ---------------------- James E. Roberts 65 EXHIBIT INDEX The following exhibits are filed with this report in accordance with Rule 12b-32 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Exhibit No. Description 11.0 Computation of Per Share Earnings is set forth under Item 8. 23 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP. 99.1 Letter to SEC Regarding Arthur Andersen LLP. 66